math (stdlib v7.0)

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Mathematical functions.

This module provides an interface to a number of mathematical functions.

Summary

Functions

Returns the arc cosine of X in radians.

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of X.

Returns the arc cosine of X in radians.

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of X.

Returns the arc tangent of Y/X in radians, using the signs of both arguments to determine the quadrant of the return value.

Returns the arc tangent of X in radians.

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of X.

Returns the ceiling of X.

Returns the cosine of X in radians.

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of X.

Returns the error function of X.

Returns 1.0 - erf(X), computed using methods that avoid cancellation for large X.

Returns e raised to the power of X.

Returns the floor of X.

Returns the floating point remainder X divided by Y.

Returns logarithm of X to base 2.

Returns logarithm of X to base 10.

Returns the natural logarithm of X.

Returns the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

Raise X to the power N.

Returns the sine of X in radians.

Returns the hyperbolic sine of X.

Returns the non-negative square root of X.

Returns the tangent of X in radians.

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of X.

Returns the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its radius.

Functions

acos(X)

-spec acos(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the arc cosine of X in radians.

Examples

1> math:acos(1.0).
0.0

acosh(X)

-spec acosh(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of X.

Examples

1> math:acosh(1.0).
0.0

asin(X)

-spec asin(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the arc cosine of X in radians.

Examples

1> math:asin(0.0).
0.0

asinh(X)

-spec asinh(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of X.

Examples

1> math:asinh(0.0).
0.0

atan2(Y, X)

-spec atan2(Y, X) -> float() when Y :: number(), X :: number().

Returns the arc tangent of Y/X in radians, using the signs of both arguments to determine the quadrant of the return value.

Examples

1> math:atan2(0.0, -10.0).
3.141592653589793

atan(X)

-spec atan(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the arc tangent of X in radians.

Examples

1> math:atan(0.0).
0.0

atanh(X)

-spec atanh(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of X.

Examples

1> math:atanh(0.0).
0.0

ceil(X)

(since OTP 20.0)
-spec ceil(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the ceiling of X.

Examples

1> math:ceil(7.5).
8.0
2> math:ceil(-5.5).
-5.0
3> math:ceil(1.0).
1.0

cos(X)

-spec cos(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the cosine of X in radians.

Examples

1> math:cos(0.0)
1.0

cosh(X)

-spec cosh(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of X.

Examples

1> math:cosh(0.0)
1.0

erf(X)

-spec erf(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the error function of X.

See Error function (Wikipedia).

Examples

1> math:erf(0.0).
0.0
2> math:erf(10.0).
1.0

erfc(X)

-spec erfc(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns 1.0 - erf(X), computed using methods that avoid cancellation for large X.

Examples

1> math:erfc(0.0).
1.0

exp(X)

-spec exp(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns e raised to the power of X.

Examples

1> math:exp(0).
1.0
2> trunc(100 * math:exp(1)).
271

floor(X)

(since OTP 20.0)
-spec floor(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the floor of X.

Examples

1> math:floor(9.1).
9.0
2> math:floor(-1.5).
-2.0
3> math:floor(1.0)
1.0

fmod(X, Y)

(since OTP 20.0)
-spec fmod(X, Y) -> float() when X :: number(), Y :: number().

Returns the floating point remainder X divided by Y.

Examples

1> math:fmod(10.5, 8.0).
2.5

log2(X)

(since OTP 18.0)
-spec log2(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns logarithm of X to base 2.

Examples

1> math:log2(1.0).
0.0
2> math:log2(2.0).
1.0
3> math:log2(64).
6.0

log10(X)

-spec log10(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns logarithm of X to base 10.

Examples

1> math:log10(1.0).
0.0
2> math:log10(10.0).
1.0
3> math:log10(100).
2.0

log(X)

-spec log(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the natural logarithm of X.

Examples

1> math:log(1.0).
0.0
2> math:log(2.718281828459045).
1.0

pi()

-spec pi() -> float().

Returns the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

Examples

1> math:pi().
3.141592653589793

pow(X, N)

-spec pow(X, N) -> float() when X :: number(), N :: number().

Raise X to the power N.

Examples

1> math:pow(2, 6).
64.0
2> math:pow(10.0, 3.0).
1000.0

sin(X)

-spec sin(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the sine of X in radians.

Examples

1> math:sin(0.0)
0.0

sinh(X)

-spec sinh(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the hyperbolic sine of X.

Examples

1> math:sinh(0.0)
0.0

sqrt(X)

-spec sqrt(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the non-negative square root of X.

Examples

1> math:sqrt(2).
1.4142135623730951
2> math:sqrt(100.0).
10.0

tan(X)

-spec tan(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the tangent of X in radians.

Examples

1> math:tan(0.0)
0.0

tanh(X)

-spec tanh(X) -> float() when X :: number().

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of X.

Examples

1> math:tan(0.0)
0.0

tau()

(since OTP 26.0)
-spec tau() -> float().

Returns the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its radius.

This constant is equivalent to a full turn when described in radians.

Examples

1> math:tau().
6.283185307179586
2> math:tau() == 2 * math:pi().
true