Runtime_Tools

User's Guide

Version 1.12.5

• User's Guide
• Reference Manual
• Release Notes
• PDF
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• Contract All

Chapters

• LTTng and Erlang/OTP
  • Top of chapter
  • Introduction
  • Building Erlang/OTP with LTTng support
  • Dyntrace Tracepoints
  • BEAM Tracepoints
  • Example of process tracing
• DTrace and Erlang/OTP
  • Top of chapter
  • History
  • Goals
  • Supported platforms
  • Status
  • Implementation summary
  • Example DTrace probe specification
  • Guide to efile_drv.c probe arguments
• SystemTap and Erlang/OTP
  • Top of chapter
  • Introduction
  • Requisites
  • Building Erlang
  • Testing
  • Running SystemTap scripts

1 LTTng and Erlang/OTP

1.1  Introduction

The Linux Trace Toolkit: next generation is an open source system software package for correlated tracing of the Linux kernel, user applications and libraries.

For more information, please visit http://lttng.org

1.2  Building Erlang/OTP with LTTng support

Configure and build Erlang with LTTng support:

For LTTng to work properly with Erlang/OTP you need the following packages installed:

• LTTng-tools: a command line interface to control tracing sessions.

• LTTng-UST: user space tracing library.

On Ubuntu this can be installed via aptitude:

$ sudo aptitude install lttng-tools liblttng-ust-dev

See Installing LTTng for more information on how to install LTTng on your system.

After LTTng is properly installed on the system Erlang/OTP can be built with LTTng support.

$ ./configure --with-dynamic-trace=lttng
$ make 

1.3  Dyntrace Tracepoints

All tracepoints are in the domain of org_erlang_dyntrace

All Erlang types are the string equivalent in LTTng.

process_spawn

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• parent : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• entry : string :: Code Location. Ex. "lists:sort/1"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag procs and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

process_spawn: { cpu_id = 3 }, { pid = "<0.131.0>", parent = "<0.130.0>", entry = "erlang:apply/2" }

process_link

• to : string :: Process ID or Port ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• from : string :: Process ID or Port ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• type : string :: "link" | "unlink"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag procs and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

process_link: { cpu_id = 3 }, { from = "<0.130.0>", to = "<0.131.0>", type = "link" }

process_exit

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• reason : string :: Exit reason. Ex. "normal"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag procs and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

process_exit: { cpu_id = 3 }, { pid = "<0.130.0>", reason = "normal" }

process_register

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• name : string :: Registered name. Ex. "error_logger"
• type : string :: "register" | "unregister"

Example:

process_register: { cpu_id = 0 }, { pid = "<0.128.0>", name = "dyntrace_lttng_SUITE" type = "register" }

process_scheduled

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• entry : string :: Code Location. Ex. "lists:sort/1"
• type : string :: "in" | "out" | "in_exiting" | "out_exiting" | "out_exited"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag running and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

process_scheduled: { cpu_id = 0 }, { pid = "<0.136.0>", entry = "erlang:apply/2", type = "in" }

port_open

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag ports and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

port_open: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.131.0>", driver = "'/bin/sh -s unix:cmd'", port = "#Port<0.1887>" }

port_exit

• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• reason : string :: Exit reason. Ex. "normal"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag ports and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

port_exit: { cpu_id = 5 }, { port = "#Port<0.1887>", reason = "normal" }

port_link

• to : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• from : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• type : string :: "link" | "unlink"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag ports and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

port_link: { cpu_id = 5 }, { from = "#Port<0.1887>", to = "<0.131.0>", type = "unlink" }

port_scheduled

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag running and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• entry : string :: Callback. Ex. "open"
• type : string :: "in" | "out" | "in_exiting" | "out_exiting" | "out_exited"

Example:

port_scheduled: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "#Port<0.1905>", entry = "close", type = "out" }

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag running and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

function_call

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• entry : string :: Code Location. Ex. "lists:sort/1"
• depth : integer :: Stack depth. Ex. 0

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag call and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

function_call: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.145.0>", entry = "dyntrace_lttng_SUITE:'-t_call/1-fun-1-'/0", depth = 0 }

function_return

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• entry : string :: Code Location. Ex. "lists:sort/1"
• depth : integer :: Stack depth. Ex. 0

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag call or return_to and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

function_return: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.145.0>", entry = "dyntrace_lttng_SUITE:waiter/0", depth = 0 }

function_exception

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• entry : string :: Code Location. Ex. "lists:sort/1"
• class : string :: Error reason. Ex. "error"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag call and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

function_exception: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.144.0>", entry = "t:call_exc/1", class = "error" }

message_send

• from : string :: Process ID or Port ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• to : string :: Process ID or Port ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• message : string :: Message sent. Ex. "{<0.162.0>,ok}"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag send and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

message_send: { cpu_id = 3 }, { from = "#Port<0.1938>", to = "<0.160.0>", message = "{#Port<0.1938>,eof}" }

message_receive

• to : string :: Process ID or Port ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• message : string :: Message received. Ex. "{<0.162.0>,ok}"

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag 'receive' and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

message_receive: { cpu_id = 7 }, { to = "<0.167.0>", message = "{<0.165.0>,ok}" }

gc_minor_start

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• need : integer :: Heap need. Ex. 2
• heap : integer :: Young heap word size. Ex. 233
• old_heap : integer :: Old heap word size. Ex. 233

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag garbage_collection and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

gc_minor_start: { cpu_id = 0 }, { pid = "<0.172.0>", need = 0, heap = 610, old_heap = 0 }

gc_minor_end

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• reclaimed : integer :: Heap reclaimed. Ex. 2
• heap : integer :: Young heap word size. Ex. 233
• old_heap : integer :: Old heap word size. Ex. 233

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag garbage_collection and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

gc_minor_end: { cpu_id = 0 }, { pid = "<0.172.0>", reclaimed = 120, heap = 1598, old_heap = 1598 }

gc_major_start

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• need : integer :: Heap need. Ex. 2
• heap : integer :: Young heap word size. Ex. 233
• old_heap : integer :: Old heap word size. Ex. 233

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag garbage_collection and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

gc_major_start: { cpu_id = 0 }, { pid = "<0.172.0>", need = 8, heap = 2586, old_heap = 1598 }

gc_major_end

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• reclaimed : integer :: Heap reclaimed. Ex. 2
• heap : integer :: Young heap word size. Ex. 233
• old_heap : integer :: Old heap word size. Ex. 233

Available through erlang:trace/3 with trace flag garbage_collection and {tracer,dyntrace,[]} as tracer module.

Example:

gc_major_end: { cpu_id = 0 }, { pid = "<0.172.0>", reclaimed = 240, heap = 4185, old_heap = 0 }

1.4  BEAM Tracepoints

All tracepoints are in the domain of org_erlang_otp

All Erlang types are the string equivalent in LTTng.

scheduler_poll

• scheduler : integer :: Scheduler ID. Ex. 1
• runnable : integer :: Runnable. Ex. 1

Example:

scheduler_poll: { cpu_id = 4 }, { scheduler = 1, runnable = 1 }

driver_init

• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• major : integer :: Major version. Ex. 3
• minor : integer :: Minor version. Ex. 1
• flags : integer :: Flags. Ex. 1

Example:

driver_init: { cpu_id = 2 }, { driver = "caller_drv", major = 3, minor = 3, flags = 1 }

driver_start

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"

Example:

driver_start: { cpu_id = 2 }, { pid = "<0.198.0>", driver = "caller_drv", port = "#Port<0.3676>" }

driver_output

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• bytes : integer :: Size of data returned. Ex. 82

Example:

driver_output: { cpu_id = 2 }, { pid = "<0.198.0>", port = "#Port<0.3677>", driver = "/bin/sh -s unix:cmd", bytes = 36 }

driver_outputv

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• bytes : integer :: Size of data returned. Ex. 82

Example:

driver_outputv: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.194.0>", port = "#Port<0.3663>", driver = "tcp_inet", bytes = 3 }

driver_ready_input

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_ready_input: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.189.0>", port = "#Port<0.3637>", driver = "inet_gethost 4 " }

driver_ready_output

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_ready_output: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.194.0>", port = "#Port<0.3663>", driver = "tcp_inet" }

driver_timeout

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_timeout: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.196.0>", port = "#Port<0.3664>", driver = "tcp_inet" }

driver_stop_select

• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_stop_select: { cpu_id = 5 }, { driver = "unknown" }

driver_flush

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_flush: { cpu_id = 7 }, { pid = "<0.204.0>", port = "#Port<0.3686>", driver = "tcp_inet" }

driver_stop

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_stop: { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "[]", port = "#Port<0.3673>", driver = "efile" }

driver_process_exit

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

driver_ready_async

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"

Example:

driver_ready_async: { cpu_id = 3 }, { pid = "<0.181.0>", port = "#Port<0.3622>", driver = "efile" }

driver_call

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• command : integer :: Command integer. Ex. 1
• bytes : integer :: Size of data returned. Ex. 82

Example:

driver_call: { cpu_id = 2 }, { pid = "<0.202.0>", port = "#Port<0.3676>", driver = "caller_drv", command = 0, bytes = 2 }

driver_control

• pid : string :: Process ID. Ex. "<0.131.0>"
• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• driver : string :: Driver name. Ex. "efile"
• command : integer :: Command integer. Ex. 1
• bytes : integer :: Size of data returned. Ex. 82

Example:

driver_control: { cpu_id = 3 }, { pid = "<0.32767.8191>", port = "#Port<0.0>", driver = "forker", command = 83, bytes = 32 }

aio_pool_get

• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• length : integer :: Async queue length. Ex. 0

Example:

aio_pool_get: { cpu_id = 4 }, { port = "#Port<0.3614>", length = 0 }

aio_pool_put

• port : string :: Port ID. Ex. "#Port<0.1031>"
• length : integer :: Async queue length. Ex. -1

Async queue length is not defined for put operations.

Example:

aio_pool_put: { cpu_id = 3 }, { port = "#Port<0.3614>", length = -1 }

carrier_create

• type : string :: Carrier type. Ex. "ets_alloc"
• instance : integer :: Allocator instance. Ex. 1
• size : integer :: Carrier size. Ex. 262144
• mbc_carriers : integer :: Number of multiblock carriers in instance. Ex. 3
• mbc_carriers_size : integer :: Total size of multiblock blocks carriers in instance. Ex. 1343488
• mbc_blocks : integer :: Number of multiblock blocks in instance. Ex. 122
• mbc_blocks_size : integer :: Total size of all multiblock blocks in instance. Ex. 285296
• sbc_carriers : integer :: Number of singleblock carriers in instance. Ex. 1
• sbc_carriers_size : integer :: Total size of singleblock blocks carriers in instance. Ex. 1343488
• sbc_blocks : integer :: Number of singleblocks in instance. Ex. 1
• sbc_blocks_size : integer :: Total size of all singleblock blocks in instance. Ex. 285296

Example:

carrier_create: { cpu_id = 2 }, { type = "ets_alloc", instance = 7, size = 2097152, mbc_carriers = 4, mbc_carriers_size = 3440640, mbc_blocks = 526, mbc_blocks_size = 1278576, sbc_carriers = 0, sbc_carriers_size = 0, sbc_blocks = 0, sbc_blocks_size = 0 }

carrier_destroy

• type : string :: Carrier type. Ex. "ets_alloc"
• instance : integer :: Allocator instance. Ex. 1
• size : integer :: Carrier size. Ex. 262144
• mbc_carriers : integer :: Number of multiblock carriers in instance. Ex. 3
• mbc_carriers_size : integer :: Total size of multiblock blocks carriers in instance. Ex. 1343488
• mbc_blocks : integer :: Number of multiblock blocks in instance. Ex. 122
• mbc_blocks_size : integer :: Total size of all multiblock blocks in instance. Ex. 285296
• sbc_carriers : integer :: Number of singleblock carriers in instance. Ex. 1
• sbc_carriers_size : integer :: Total size of singleblock blocks carriers in instance. Ex. 1343488
• sbc_blocks : integer :: Number of singleblocks in instance. Ex. 1
• sbc_blocks_size : integer :: Total size of all singleblock blocks in instance. Ex. 285296

Example:

carrier_destroy: { cpu_id = 6 }, { type = "ets_alloc", instance = 7, size = 262144, mbc_carriers = 3, mbc_carriers_size = 3178496, mbc_blocks = 925, mbc_blocks_size = 2305336, sbc_carriers = 0, sbc_carriers_size = 0, sbc_blocks = 0, sbc_blocks_size = 0 }

carrier_pool_put

• type : string :: Carrier type. Ex. "ets_alloc"
• instance : integer :: Allocator instance. Ex. 1
• size : integer :: Carrier size. Ex. 262144

Example:

carrier_pool_put: { cpu_id = 3 }, { type = "ets_alloc", instance = 5, size = 1048576 }

carrier_pool_get

• type : string :: Carrier type. Ex. "ets_alloc"
• instance : integer :: Allocator instance. Ex. 1
• size : integer :: Carrier size. Ex. 262144

Example:

carrier_pool_get: { cpu_id = 7 }, { type = "ets_alloc", instance = 4, size = 3208 }

1.5  Example of process tracing

An example of process tracing of os_mon and friends.

Clean start of lttng in a bash shell.

$ lttng create erlang-demo
Spawning a session daemon
Session erlang-demo created.
Traces will be written in /home/egil/lttng-traces/erlang-demo-20160526-165920

Start an Erlang node with lttng enabled.

$ erl
Erlang/OTP 19 [erts-8.0] [source-4d7b24d] [64-bit] [smp:8:8] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false] [lttng]

Eshell V8.0  (abort with ^G)
1>

Load the dyntrace module.

1> l(dyntrace).
{module,dyntrace}

All tracepoints via dyntrace are now visibile and can be listed through lttng list -u.

Enable the process_register LTTng tracepoint for Erlang.

$ lttng enable-event -u org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register
UST event org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register created in channel channel0

Enable process tracing for new processes and use dyntrace as tracer backend.

2> erlang:trace(new,true,[procs,{tracer,dyntrace,[]}]).
0

Start LTTng tracing.

$ lttng start
Tracing started for session erlang-demo

Start the os_mon application in Erlang.

3> application:ensure_all_started(os_mon).
{ok,[sasl,os_mon]}

Stop LTTng tracing and view the result.

$ lttng stop
Tracing stopped for session erlang-demo
$ lttng view
[17:20:42.561168759] (+?.?????????) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.66.0>", name = "sasl_sup", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.561215519] (+0.000046760) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.67.0>", name = "sasl_safe_sup", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.562149024] (+0.000933505) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.68.0>", name = "alarm_handler", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.571035803] (+0.008886779) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.69.0>", name = "release_handler", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.574939868] (+0.003904065) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.74.0>", name = "os_mon_sup", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.576818712] (+0.001878844) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.75.0>", name = "disksup", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.580032013] (+0.003213301) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.76.0>", name = "memsup", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.583046339] (+0.003014326) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.78.0>", name = "cpu_sup", type = "register" }
[17:20:42.586206242] (+0.003159903) elxd1168lx9 org_erlang_dyntrace:process_register: \
    { cpu_id = 5 }, { pid = "<0.82.0>", name = "timer_server", type = "register" }