View Source zip (stdlib v6.0)
Utility for reading and creating 'zip' archives.
This module archives and extracts files to and from a zip archive. The zip format is specified by the "ZIP Appnote.txt" file, available on the PKWARE web site www.pkware.com.
The zip module supports zip archive versions up to 6.1. However, password-protection and Zip64 are not supported.
By convention, the name of a zip file is to end with .zip
. To abide to the
convention, add .zip
to the filename.
- To create zip archives, use function
zip/2
orzip/3
. They are also available ascreate/2,3
, to resemble theerl_tar
module. - To extract files from a zip archive, use function
unzip/1
orunzip/2
. They are also available asextract/1,2
, to resemble theerl_tar
module. - To fold a function over all files in a zip archive, use function
foldl/3
. - To return a list of the files in a zip archive, use function
list_dir/1
orlist_dir/2
. They are also available astable/1,2
, to resemble theerl_tar
module. - To print a list of files to the Erlang shell, use function
t/1
ortt/1
. - Sometimes it is desirable to open a zip archive, and to unzip files from it
file by file, without having to reopen the archive. This can be done by
functions
zip_open/1,2
,zip_get/1,2
,zip_list_dir/1
, andzip_close/1
.
Limitations
- Zip64 archives are not supported.
- Password-protected and encrypted archives are not supported.
- Only the DEFLATE (zlib-compression) and the STORE (uncompressed data) zip methods are supported.
- The archive size is limited to 2 GB (32 bits).
- Comments for individual files are not supported when creating zip archives. The zip archive comment for the whole zip archive is supported.
- Changing a zip archive is not supported. To add or remove a file from an archive, the whole archive must be recreated.
Summary
Types
These options are described in create/3
.
The name of a zip file.
As returned by zip_open/2
.
The record zip_comment
only contains the archive comment for a zip archive.
The record zip_file
contains the following fields
erl_tar compatibility functions
Equivalent to zip(Name, FileList)
Equivalent to zip(Name, FileList, Options)
Equivalent to unzip(Archive)
Equivalent to unzip(Archive, Options)
Equivalent to list_dir(Archive, [])
Equivalent to list_dir(Archive, Options)
Functions
Calls Fun(FileInArchive, GetInfo , GetBin, AccIn)
on successive files in the
Archive
, starting with AccIn == Acc0
.
Equivalent to list_dir(Archive, [])
Retrieves all filenames in the zip archive Archive
.
Prints all filenames in the zip archive Archive
to the Erlang shell. (Similar
to tar t
.)
Prints filenames and information about all files in the zip archive Archive
to
the Erlang shell. (Similar to tar tv
.)
Equivalent to unzip(Archive, [])
Extracts all files from a zip archive.
Equivalent to zip(Name, FileList, [])
Creates a zip archive containing the files specified in FileList
.
Closes a zip archive, previously opened with zip_open/1,2
. All
resources are closed, and the handle is not to be used after closing.
Equivalent to zip_get/2
Extracts one or all files from an open archive.
Extracts one crc32 checksum from an open archive.
Returns the file list of an open zip archive. The first returned element is the zip archive comment.
Equivalent to zip_open/2
Opens a zip archive, and reads and saves its directory. This means that later
reading files from the archive is faster than unzipping files one at a time with
unzip/1,2
.
Types
-type create_option() :: memory | cooked | verbose | {comment, Comment :: string()} | {cwd, CWD :: file:filename()} | {compress, What :: extension_spec()} | {uncompress, What :: extension_spec()}.
These options are described in create/3
.
-type extension() :: string().
-type filename() :: file:filename().
The name of a zip file.
-opaque handle()
As returned by zip_open/2
.
-type zip_comment() :: #zip_comment{comment :: string()}.
The record zip_comment
only contains the archive comment for a zip archive.
-type zip_file() :: #zip_file{name :: string(), info :: file:file_info(), comment :: string(), offset :: non_neg_integer(), comp_size :: non_neg_integer()}.
The record zip_file
contains the following fields:
name
- The filenameinfo
- File information as infile:read_file_info/1
in Kernelcomment
- The comment for the file in the zip archiveoffset
- The file offset in the zip archive (used internally)comp_size
- The size of the compressed file (the size of the uncompressed file is found ininfo
)
erl_tar compatibility functions
-spec create(Name, FileList) -> RetValue when Name :: file:name(), FileList :: [FileSpec], FileSpec :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()} | {file:name(), binary(), file:file_info()}, RetValue :: {ok, FileName :: filename()} | {ok, {FileName :: filename(), binary()}} | {error, Reason :: term()}.
Equivalent to zip(Name, FileList)
-spec create(Name, FileList, Options) -> RetValue when Name :: file:name(), FileList :: [FileSpec], FileSpec :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()} | {file:name(), binary(), file:file_info()}, Options :: [Option], Option :: create_option(), RetValue :: {ok, FileName :: filename()} | {ok, {FileName :: filename(), binary()}} | {error, Reason :: term()}.
Equivalent to zip(Name, FileList, Options)
-spec extract(Archive) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), RetValue :: {ok, FileList} | {ok, FileBinList} | {error, Reason :: term()} | {error, {Name :: file:name(), Reason :: term()}}, FileList :: [file:name()], FileBinList :: [{file:name(), binary()}].
Equivalent to unzip(Archive)
-spec extract(Archive, Options) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), Options :: [Option], Option :: {file_list, FileList} | keep_old_files | verbose | memory | {file_filter, FileFilter} | {cwd, CWD}, FileList :: [file:name()], FileBinList :: [{file:name(), binary()}], FileFilter :: fun((ZipFile) -> boolean()), CWD :: file:filename(), ZipFile :: zip_file(), RetValue :: {ok, FileList} | {ok, FileBinList} | {error, Reason :: term()} | {error, {Name :: file:name(), Reason :: term()}}.
Equivalent to unzip(Archive, Options)
-spec table(Archive) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), RetValue :: {ok, CommentAndFiles} | {error, Reason :: term()}, CommentAndFiles :: [zip_comment() | zip_file()].
Equivalent to list_dir(Archive, [])
-spec table(Archive, Options) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), RetValue :: {ok, CommentAndFiles} | {error, Reason :: term()}, CommentAndFiles :: [zip_comment() | zip_file()], Options :: [Option], Option :: cooked.
Equivalent to list_dir(Archive, Options)
Functions
-spec foldl(Fun, Acc0, Archive) -> {ok, Acc1} | {error, Reason} when Fun :: fun((FileInArchive, GetInfo, GetBin, AccIn) -> AccOut), FileInArchive :: file:name(), GetInfo :: fun(() -> file:file_info()), GetBin :: fun(() -> binary()), Acc0 :: term(), Acc1 :: term(), AccIn :: term(), AccOut :: term(), Archive :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()}, Reason :: term().
Calls Fun(FileInArchive, GetInfo , GetBin, AccIn)
on successive files in the
Archive
, starting with AccIn == Acc0
.
FileInArchive
is the name that the file has in the archive.
GetInfo
is a fun that returns information about the file.
GetBin
returns the file contents.
Both GetInfo
and GetBin
must be called within the Fun
. Their behavior is
undefined if they are called outside the context of Fun
.
The Fun
must return a new accumulator, which is passed to the next call.
foldl/3
returns the final accumulator value. Acc0
is returned
if the archive is empty. It is not necessary to iterate over all files in the
archive. The iteration can be ended prematurely in a controlled manner by
throwing an exception.
Example:
> Name = "dummy.zip".
"dummy.zip"
> {ok, {Name, Bin}} = zip:create(Name, [{"foo", <<"FOO">>}, {"bar", <<"BAR">>}], [memory]).
{ok,{"dummy.zip",
<<80,75,3,4,20,0,0,0,0,0,74,152,97,60,171,39,212,26,3,0,
0,0,3,0,0,...>>}}
> {ok, FileSpec} = zip:foldl(fun(N, I, B, Acc) -> [{N, B(), I()} | Acc] end, [], {Name, Bin}).
{ok,[{"bar",<<"BAR">>,
{file_info,3,regular,read_write,
{{2010,3,1},{19,2,10}},
{{2010,3,1},{19,2,10}},
{{2010,3,1},{19,2,10}},
54,1,0,0,0,0,0}},
{"foo",<<"FOO">>,
{file_info,3,regular,read_write,
{{2010,3,1},{19,2,10}},
{{2010,3,1},{19,2,10}},
{{2010,3,1},{19,2,10}},
54,1,0,0,0,0,0}}]}
> {ok, {Name, Bin}} = zip:create(Name, lists:reverse(FileSpec), [memory]).
{ok,{"dummy.zip",
<<80,75,3,4,20,0,0,0,0,0,74,152,97,60,171,39,212,26,3,0,
0,0,3,0,0,...>>}}
> catch zip:foldl(fun("foo", _, B, _) -> throw(B()); (_,_,_,Acc) -> Acc end, [], {Name, Bin}).
<<"FOO">>
-spec list_dir(Archive) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), RetValue :: {ok, CommentAndFiles} | {error, Reason :: term()}, CommentAndFiles :: [zip_comment() | zip_file()].
Equivalent to list_dir(Archive, [])
-spec list_dir(Archive, Options) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), RetValue :: {ok, CommentAndFiles} | {error, Reason :: term()}, CommentAndFiles :: [zip_comment() | zip_file()], Options :: [Option], Option :: cooked.
Retrieves all filenames in the zip archive Archive
.
The result value is the tuple {ok, List}
, where List
contains the zip
archive comment as the first element.
One option is available:
cooked
- By default, this function opens the zip file inraw
mode, which is faster but does not allow a remote (Erlang) file server to be used. Addingcooked
to the mode list overrides the default and opens the zip file without optionraw
.
Prints all filenames in the zip archive Archive
to the Erlang shell. (Similar
to tar t
.)
Prints filenames and information about all files in the zip archive Archive
to
the Erlang shell. (Similar to tar tv
.)
-spec unzip(Archive) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), RetValue :: {ok, FileList} | {ok, FileBinList} | {error, Reason :: term()} | {error, {Name :: file:name(), Reason :: term()}}, FileList :: [file:name()], FileBinList :: [{file:name(), binary()}].
Equivalent to unzip(Archive, [])
-spec unzip(Archive, Options) -> RetValue when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), Options :: [Option], Option :: {file_list, FileList} | cooked | keep_old_files | verbose | memory | {file_filter, FileFilter} | {cwd, CWD}, FileList :: [file:name()], FileBinList :: [{file:name(), binary()}], FileFilter :: fun((ZipFile) -> boolean()), CWD :: file:filename(), ZipFile :: zip_file(), RetValue :: {ok, FileList} | {ok, FileBinList} | {error, Reason :: term()} | {error, {Name :: file:name(), Reason :: term()}}.
Extracts all files from a zip archive.
If argument Archive
is specified as a binary/0
, the contents of the binary is
assumed to be a zip archive, otherwise a filename.
Options:
{file_list, FileList}
- By default, all files are extracted from the zip archive. With option{file_list, FileList}
, functionunzip/2
only extracts the files whose names are included inFileList
. The full paths, including the names of all subdirectories within the zip archive, must be specified.cooked
- By default, this function opens the zip file inraw
mode, which is faster but does not allow a remote (Erlang) file server to be used. Addingcooked
to the mode list overrides the default and opens the zip file without optionraw
. The same applies for the files extracted.keep_old_files
- By default, all files with the same name as files in the zip archive are overwritten. With optionkeep_old_files
set, functionunzip/2
does not overwrite existing files. Notice that even with optionmemory
specified, which means that no files are overwritten, existing files are excluded from the result.verbose
- Prints an informational message for each extracted file.memory
- Instead of extracting to the current directory, the result is given as a list of tuples{Filename, Binary}
, whereBinary
is a binary containing the extracted data of fileFilename
in the zip archive.{cwd, CWD}
- Uses the specified directory as current directory. It is prepended to filenames when extracting them from the zip archive. (Acting likefile:set_cwd/1
in Kernel, but without changing the globalcwd
property.)
-spec zip(Name, FileList) -> RetValue when Name :: file:name(), FileList :: [FileSpec], FileSpec :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()} | {file:name(), binary(), file:file_info()}, RetValue :: {ok, FileName :: file:name()} | {ok, {FileName :: file:name(), binary()}} | {error, Reason :: term()}.
Equivalent to zip(Name, FileList, [])
-spec zip(Name, FileList, Options) -> RetValue when Name :: file:name(), FileList :: [FileSpec], FileSpec :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()} | {file:name(), binary(), file:file_info()}, Options :: [Option], Option :: create_option(), RetValue :: {ok, FileName :: file:name()} | {ok, {FileName :: file:name(), binary()}} | {error, Reason :: term()}.
Creates a zip archive containing the files specified in FileList
.
FileList
is a list of files, with paths relative to the current directory,
which are stored with this path in the archive. File system operations are
performed to read the file metadata and, when compression is enabled, to stream
the file contents without loading whole files into memory. Files can also be
specified as binaries to create an archive directly from data. In such cases, no
metadata or file system reads are performed.
Files are compressed using the DEFLATE compression, as described in the
"Appnote.txt" file. However, files are stored without compression if they are
already compressed. zip/2
and zip/3
check the file
extension to determine if the file is to be stored without compression. Files
with the following extensions are not compressed: .Z
, .zip
, .zoo
, .arc
,
.lzh
, .arj
.
It is possible to override the default behavior and control what types of files
that are to be compressed by using options {compress, What}
and
{uncompress, What}
. It is also possible to use many compress
and
uncompress
options.
To trigger file compression, its extension must match with the compress
condition and must not match the uncompress
condition. For example, if
compress
is set to ["gif", "jpg"]
and uncompress
is set to ["jpg"]
, only
files with extension "gif"
are compressed.
Options:
cooked
- By default, this function opens the zip file in moderaw
, which is faster but does not allow a remote (Erlang) file server to be used. Addingcooked
to the mode list overrides the default and opens the zip file without theraw
option. The same applies for the files added.verbose
- Prints an informational message about each added file.memory
- The output is not to a file, but instead as a tuple{FileName, binary()}
. The binary is a full zip archive with header and can be extracted with, for example,unzip/2
.{comment, Comment}
- Adds a comment to the zip archive.{cwd, CWD}
- Uses the specified directory as current work directory (cwd
). This is prepended to filenames when adding them, although not in the zip archive (acting likefile:set_cwd/1
in Kernel, but without changing the globalcwd
property.).{compress, What}
- Controls what types of files to be compressed. Defaults toall
. The following values ofWhat
are allowed:all
- All files are compressed (as long as they pass theuncompress
condition).[Extension]
- Only files with exactly these extensions are compressed.{add,[Extension]}
- Adds these extensions to the list of compress extensions.{del,[Extension]}
- Deletes these extensions from the list of compress extensions.
{uncompress, What}
- Controls what types of files to be uncompressed. Defaults to[".Z", ".zip", ".zoo", ".arc", ".lzh", ".arj"]
. The following values ofWhat
are allowed:all
- No files are compressed.[Extension]
- Files with these extensions are uncompressed.{add,[Extension]}
- Adds these extensions to the list of uncompress extensions.{del,[Extension]}
- Deletes these extensions from the list of uncompress extensions.
-spec zip_close(ZipHandle) -> ok | {error, einval} when ZipHandle :: handle().
Closes a zip archive, previously opened with zip_open/1,2
. All
resources are closed, and the handle is not to be used after closing.
-spec zip_get(ZipHandle) -> {ok, [Result]} | {error, Reason} when ZipHandle :: handle(), Result :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()}, Reason :: term().
Equivalent to zip_get/2
-spec zip_get(FileName, ZipHandle) -> {ok, Result} | {error, Reason} when FileName :: file:name(), ZipHandle :: handle(), Result :: file:name() | {file:name(), binary()}, Reason :: term().
Extracts one or all files from an open archive.
The files are unzipped to memory or to file, depending on the options specified
to function zip_open/1,2
when opening the archive.
-spec zip_get_crc32(FileName, ZipHandle) -> {ok, CRC} | {error, Reason} when FileName :: file:name(), ZipHandle :: handle(), CRC :: non_neg_integer(), Reason :: term().
Extracts one crc32 checksum from an open archive.
-spec zip_list_dir(ZipHandle) -> {ok, Result} | {error, Reason} when Result :: [zip_comment() | zip_file()], ZipHandle :: handle(), Reason :: term().
Returns the file list of an open zip archive. The first returned element is the zip archive comment.
-spec zip_open(Archive) -> {ok, ZipHandle} | {error, Reason} when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), ZipHandle :: handle(), Reason :: term().
Equivalent to zip_open/2
-spec zip_open(Archive, Options) -> {ok, ZipHandle} | {error, Reason} when Archive :: file:name() | binary(), ZipHandle :: handle(), Options :: [Option], Option :: cooked | memory | {cwd, CWD :: file:filename()}, Reason :: term().
Opens a zip archive, and reads and saves its directory. This means that later
reading files from the archive is faster than unzipping files one at a time with
unzip/1,2
.
The archive must be closed with zip_close/1
.
The ZipHandle
is closed if the process that originally opened the archive
dies.