Inital Release: OTP 29.0 Git Tag: OTP-29.0 Date: 2026-03-18 Trouble Report Id: OTP-16607, OTP-19587, OTP-19611, OTP-19643, OTP-19652, OTP-19663, OTP-19672, OTP-19695, OTP-19708, OTP-19709, OTP-19713, OTP-19734, OTP-19744, OTP-19747, OTP-19750, OTP-19751, OTP-19763, OTP-19764, OTP-19766, OTP-19775, OTP-19778, OTP-19779, OTP-19783, OTP-19784, OTP-19785, OTP-19786, OTP-19793, OTP-19800, OTP-19801, OTP-19807, OTP-19809, OTP-19811, OTP-19815, OTP-19822, OTP-19826, OTP-19834, OTP-19838, OTP-19842, OTP-19853, OTP-19858, OTP-19866, OTP-19874, OTP-19882, OTP-19887, OTP-19898, OTP-19903, OTP-19906, OTP-19910, OTP-19912, OTP-19917, OTP-19918, OTP-19919, OTP-19921, OTP-19922, OTP-19925, OTP-19927, OTP-19930, OTP-19932, OTP-19933, OTP-19934, OTP-19935, OTP-19936, OTP-19938, OTP-19942, OTP-19943, OTP-19949, OTP-19954, OTP-19956, OTP-19960, OTP-19963, OTP-19964, OTP-19965, OTP-19966, OTP-19968, OTP-19975, OTP-19982, OTP-19991, OTP-19995, OTP-19996, OTP-19997, OTP-20000, OTP-20001, OTP-20002, OTP-20003, OTP-20004, OTP-20010, OTP-20015, OTP-20016, OTP-20017, OTP-20019, OTP-20020, OTP-20023, OTP-20025, OTP-20026, OTP-20028, OTP-20029, OTP-20030, OTP-20031, OTP-20032, OTP-20034, OTP-20035, OTP-20036 Seq num: GH-10071, GH-10125, GH-10151, GH-10260, GH-10341, GH-10345, GH-10557, GH-10558, GH-10559, GH-10560, GH-10561, GH-10609, GH-10650, GH-10807, GH-8569, GH-8841, GH-8993, GH-9822, OTP-16608, OTP-19827, PR-10013, PR-10033, PR-10078, PR-10114, PR-10115, PR-10126, PR-10134, PR-10144, PR-10145, PR-10161, PR-10165, PR-10166, PR-10168, PR-10187, PR-10189, PR-10193, PR-10195, PR-10197, PR-10202, PR-10206, PR-10207, PR-10209, PR-10213, PR-10218, PR-10220, PR-10223, PR-10230, PR-10234, PR-10253, PR-10269, PR-10276, PR-10277, PR-10281, PR-10304, PR-10338, PR-10348, PR-10372, PR-10382, PR-10387, PR-10417, PR-10421, PR-10422, PR-10433, PR-10449, PR-10453, PR-10510, PR-10511, PR-10514, PR-10519, PR-10524, PR-10532, PR-10549, PR-10554, PR-10556, PR-10564, PR-10566, PR-10568, PR-10571, PR-10573, PR-10578, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10592, PR-10598, PR-10601, PR-10613, PR-10614, PR-10615, PR-10617, PR-10626, PR-10642, PR-10646, PR-10647, PR-10653, PR-10656, PR-10674, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730, PR-10735, PR-10739, PR-10753, PR-10754, PR-10755, PR-10766, PR-10770, PR-10782, PR-10783, PR-10805, PR-10814, PR-10817, PR-10818, PR-10819, PR-10820, PR-10821, PR-10824, PR-10830, PR-10836, PR-10838, PR-7118, PR-7315, PR-9115, PR-9125, PR-9134, PR-9153, PR-9209, PR-9223, PR-9315, PR-9374, PR-9475, PR-9712, PR-9790, PR-9864, PR-9866, PR-9894, PR-9899, PR-9934, PR-9940, PR-9984 System: OTP Release: 29 Application: asn1-5.5, common_test-1.31, compiler-10.0, crypto-5.9, debugger-6.1, dialyzer-6.0, diameter-2.7, edoc-1.5, eldap-1.3, erl_interface-5.7, erts-17.0, et-1.8, eunit-2.11, ftp-1.3, inets-9.7, jinterface-1.16, kernel-11.0, megaco-4.9, mnesia-4.26, observer-2.19, odbc-2.17, os_mon-2.12, parsetools-2.8, public_key-1.21, reltool-1.1, runtime_tools-2.4, sasl-4.4, snmp-5.20.2, ssh-5.6, ssl-11.5.4, stdlib-8.0, syntax_tools-4.1, tftp-1.3, tools-4.2, wx-2.6, xmerl-2.2 Predecessor: OTP Check out the git tag OTP-29.0, and build a full OTP system including documentation. # HIGHLIGHTS - The JIT now generates better code for matching or creating binaries with multiple little-endian segments. Own Id: OTP-19747 Application(s): erts Related Id(s): PR-10126 - In the documentation for the `compile` module, a section has been added with recommendations for implementors of languages running on the BEAM. Documentation has also been added for the `to_abstr`, `to_exp`, and `from_abstr` options. The documentation for erlc now lists `.abstr` as one of the supported options. When compiling with the `to_abstr` option, the resulting `.abstr` file now retains any `-doc` attributes present in the source code. Own Id: OTP-19784 Application(s): compiler, erts Related Id(s): PR-10230, PR-10234 - Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented. A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based records, except that is a true data type. Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially requiring updates to applications that use them. Own Id: OTP-19785 Application(s): compiler, dialyzer, erts, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10617 - The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`. This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`. It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers, and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false. Example: 1> I = 42. 2> is_integer(I, 0, 100). true Own Id: OTP-19809 Application(s): compiler, dialyzer, erts Related Id(s): PR-10276 - There are new functions for random permutation of a list: rand:shuffle/1 and rand:shuffle_s/2. They are inspired by a suggestion and discussion on ErlangForums. Own Id: OTP-19826 Application(s): stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10281 - In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory (`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first. Own Id: OTP-19842 Application(s): erts, kernel *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - Function application is now left associative. That means one can now write: f(X)(Y) instead of: (f(X))(Y) Own Id: OTP-19866 Application(s): compiler Related Id(s): PR-9223 - There will now be a warning when exporting variables out of a subexpression. For example: case file:open(File, AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}]) of {ok,Fd} -> {Fd,AllOpts} end To avoid the warning, this can be rewritten to: AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}], case file:open(File, AllOpts) of {ok,Fd} -> {Fd,AllOpts} end The warning can be suppressed by giving option `nowarn_export_var_subexpr` to the compiler. Own Id: OTP-19898 Application(s): compiler, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-9134 - By default, the compiler will now warn for uses of the `and` and `or` operators. This warning can be suppressed using the `nowarn_obsolete_bool_op` compiler option. Own Id: OTP-19918 Application(s): compiler Related Id(s): PR-9115 - `graph` is a new module that is a functional equivalent of the `digraph` and `digraph_utils` modules. Own Id: OTP-19922 Application(s): stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10532 - Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). * exception error: bad filter 2614250 In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail by default: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. * 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled. With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'." However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is enabled when starting the runtime system: $ erl -enable-feature compr_assign . . . 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). [2614250] Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used: -module(example). -feature(compr_assign, enable). -export([cat/1]). cat(Files) -> [Char || F <- Files, {ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F), Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)]. Own Id: OTP-19927 Application(s): compiler, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-9153 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - There will now be a warning when using the `catch` operator, which has been deprecated for a long time. It is recommended to instead use `try`...`catch` but is also possible to disable the warning by using the `nowarn_deprecated_catch` option. Own Id: OTP-19938 Application(s): compiler, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10421 - Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented. Example: > [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)]. [1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5] Own Id: OTP-19942 Application(s): compiler, debugger, stdlib, syntax_tools Related Id(s): PR-9374 - There will now be a warning for matches that unify constructors, such as the following: m({a,B} = {Y,Z}) -> . . . Such a match can be rewritten to: m({a=Y,B=B}) -> . . . The compiler option `nowarn_match_alias_pats` can be used to disable the warning. Own Id: OTP-19943 Application(s): compiler, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10433 - There is no longer a 32-bit Erlang/OTP build for Windows. Own Id: OTP-19960 Application(s): otp - The default key exchange algorithm is now mlkem768x25519-sha256, a hybrid quantum-resistant algorithm combining ML-KEM-768 with X25519. This provides protection against both classical and quantum computer attacks while maintaining backward compatibility through automatic fallback to other algorithms when peers don't support it. Own Id: OTP-19965 Application(s): ssh Related Id(s): PR-10656 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - The compiler now generates more efficient code for map comprehensions with constant values that don't depend on the generator, such as the following: #{K => 42} || K <- List}. #{K => X || K <- List}. #{K => {X, Y} || K <- List}. Own Id: OTP-19968 Application(s): compiler Related Id(s): PR-10646 - Added support for socket functions `recvmmsg()` and `sendmmsg()`. Own Id: OTP-20015 Application(s): erts, kernel Related Id(s): PR-10564 - `m:erl_tar` will use less memory when extracting large tar entries to disk. Instead of reading each tar entry into memory, `erl_tar` will now stream data in chunks of 64KB. The chunk size is settable using the new `{chunks,ChunkSize}` option. The new `{max_size,Size}` option will set a limit on the total size of extracted data to protect against filling up the disk. Checking of symlinks has been improved. Some symlinks that were safe (such as `dir/link -> ../file`) used to be rejected. Own Id: OTP-20023 Application(s): stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10814, PR-10818, PR-10821 - Added a new module called `io_ansi` that allows the user to emit Virtual Terminal Sequences (aka ansi sequences) to the terminal in order to add colors/styling to text, or create fully fledged terminal applications. `io_ansi` uses the local terminfo database in order to be as cross-platform compatibly as possible. It also works across nodes so that if functions on a remote node calls io_ansi:fwrite/1 it will use the destination terminals terminfo database to determine which sequences to emit. In practice this means that you can call things in a remote shell session that uses `io_ansi` and it will properly detect that terminal sequences the target terminal can handle and will print using them correctly. Own Id: OTP-20028 Application(s): kernel, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-9940 - The `ignore_xref` attribute has been handled as a post-analysis filter by build tools such as Rebar3. In this release, `xref` itself does the filtering, ensuring that all tooling that calls `xref` for any purpose can rely on these declarations to just work. Own Id: OTP-20032 Application(s): tools Related Id(s): PR-10592 - New in this release is `ct_doctest`, a module that allows the user to test documentation examples in Erlang module docs and documentation files. ct_doctest allows you to: - Test code examples using shell syntax and their returns - Test code examples that should fail - Write example modules that are compiled and available in shell examples - Plugin other documentation parsing engines so that examples in, for example, `edoc`, `asciidoc`, and others can also be tested. See the documentation for more details. Own Id: OTP-20034 Application(s): common_test Related Id(s): PR-10824, PR-9315 # POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITIES - Fixed (`inet`) module selection when calling (`gen_tcp`) listen and connect and (`gen_udp`) open. Depending on the order of the options, the module option (`tcp_module` or `udp_module`) was sometimes ignored. Own Id: OTP-19695 Application(s): kernel Related Id(s): GH-9822, PR-10013 - `ssh:stop_deamon` now uses `supervisor:stop` for shutting down daemons. With this change, the scenario when `ssh:stop_daemon` is called for a non-existing process results in calling process exiting. Previously an error tuple was returned (which was not documented). Own Id: OTP-19801 Application(s): ssh Related Id(s): PR-10253 - The `mnesia_registry` module has been removed. Own Id: OTP-19807 Application(s): mnesia Related Id(s): PR-7315 - In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory (`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first. Own Id: OTP-19842 Application(s): erts, kernel *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). * exception error: bad filter 2614250 In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail by default: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. * 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled. With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'." However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is enabled when starting the runtime system: $ erl -enable-feature compr_assign . . . 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). [2614250] Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used: -module(example). -feature(compr_assign, enable). -export([cat/1]). cat(Files) -> [Char || F <- Files, {ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F), Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)]. Own Id: OTP-19927 Application(s): compiler, stdlib Related Id(s): PR-9153 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The default key exchange algorithm is now mlkem768x25519-sha256, a hybrid quantum-resistant algorithm combining ML-KEM-768 with X25519. This provides protection against both classical and quantum computer attacks while maintaining backward compatibility through automatic fallback to other algorithms when peers don't support it. Own Id: OTP-19965 Application(s): ssh Related Id(s): PR-10656 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Changed ets:update_counter/4 and ets:update_element/4 to _always_ reject default tuples smaller than the `keypos` of the table. Such keyless tuples are now rejected even if the key exists in the table and the default tuple would not be used. This is a subtle semantic change but is a nicer behavior for development and testing as it will detect faulty default tuple arguments earlier. Own Id: OTP-19975 Application(s): erts Related Id(s): PR-10674 - Added explicit size validation guards for pre-authentication SSH messages to improve defense-in-depth against DoS attacks. Messages now have per-field size limits based on RFC specifications: - Transport layer messages (DISCONNECT, IGNORE, DEBUG) - Key exchange messages (DH, ECDH, DH-GEX) - Service request messages (SERVICE_REQUEST, SERVICE_ACCEPT, EXT_INFO) This change enhances the existing 256KB global packet size limit with granular per-message validation. Compliant implementations are not affected. Own Id: OTP-19995 Application(s): ssh Related Id(s): PR-10739 - The `array` module have been extended with several new functions. The internal representation have been changed to allow the new functionality and optimizations. Arrays serialized with `term_to_binary/1` in previous releases are not compatible. Own Id: OTP-20004 Application(s): stdlib Related Id(s): PR-10578 - The SFTP subsystem `root` option now properly rejects relative paths at daemon startup. Previously, relative paths would cause unpredictable behavior as file operations resolved relative to the Erlang VM's current working directory. The option now requires an absolute path or empty string. Own Id: OTP-20019 Application(s): ssh Related Id(s): PR-10820 # OTP-29.0 ## Improvements and New Features - Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now scanned for vulnerabilities. Own Id: OTP-19652 Related Id(s): PR-9790 - Automated vendor vulnerability handling has been added. 1. Verifies that OTP reported Github Securities exists in the published OpenVEX statements. 2. Open issues automatically in Erlang/OTP if vendor vulnerabilities are detected. Own Id: OTP-19763 Related Id(s): PR-10145, PR-10166, PR-10168, PR-10189, PR-10193, PR-10195, PR-10197, PR-10202 - Added OpenVEX statement for PCRE2 under investigation. Own Id: OTP-19764 Related Id(s): PR-10165 - Documentation about how to validate the SBOM using sigstore has been added. Own Id: OTP-19766 Related Id(s): GH-10151, PR-10187 - The vendor vulnerability scanner was reporting scanning the `maint` branch when it was doing the `master` branch. This issue only happened for pull requests that modified vendor files. Scheduled vendor vulnerability scans were correct. The behavior has not been corrected and pull requests on `maint` and `maint-`XX will work as expected, analyzing their vendor dependencies. To create issues when vendor vulnerabilities are detected, use permissions from the Erlang Vendor Scanner Bot. Own Id: OTP-19775 Related Id(s): PR-10206, PR-10213, PR-10218, PR-10220, PR-10223 - Create OpenVEX statement in Erlang/OTP to state that the wxWindows vendor vulnerability CVE-2024-58249 does not affect OTP-28. Own Id: OTP-19778 Related Id(s): PR-10209 - `.github/scripts/otp-compliance.es vex run` was ignoring certain OpenVEX statements if the CVE name existed. That meant an OpenVEX statement could say "under_investigation" and the CVE reported a vulnerability, and simply based on the CVE Id, the script would ignore it as the CVE Id exists in OpenVEX. The script has been updated to filter CVE results that already exist in OpenVEX statements. Own Id: OTP-19779 Related Id(s): PR-10209 - The old-style type tests in guards (`integer`, `atom` and so on) have been scheduled for removal in Erlang/OTP 30. They have been deprecated for a long time. Own Id: OTP-19887 Related Id(s): PR-10417 - Update OpenVEX files with `not_affected` status for `CVE-2026-22184` Own Id: OTP-19930 Related Id(s): GH-10558, GH-10559, GH-10560, GH-10561, PR-10566 - Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility. Own Id: OTP-19933 Related Id(s): PR-10573 - Added `openssl` OpenVEX statements to clarify that none of them affect neither `erts` nor `erl_interface`. Own Id: OTP-19954 Related Id(s): GH-10609, PR-10613 - There is no longer a 32-bit Erlang/OTP build for Windows. Own Id: OTP-19960 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Added OpenVEX statement to clarify that `wxWidgets` code in Erlang/OTP is not vulnerable to `CVE-2024-58249` This statement refers to the source code (`wxWidgets` bindings) that come in Erlang/OTP. Any developer linking to the `wxWidgets` must still choose a version that is not vulnerable. Own Id: OTP-20000 Related Id(s): PR-10766 # asn1-5.5 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of asn1-5.5 > > erts-14.0, kernel-9.0, stdlib-5.0 # common_test-1.31 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - Improved support for QuickCheck when writing property tests. Own Id: OTP-20010 Related Id(s): PR-10783 ## Improvements and New Features - Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now scanned for vulnerabilities. Own Id: OTP-19652 Related Id(s): PR-9790 - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - `'EXIT'` messages are now formatted in the same way as `badmatch` errors. Own Id: OTP-19910 Related Id(s): PR-10277 - Error notifications now contain the name of the source file in which the error occurred. Own Id: OTP-19925 Related Id(s): GH-10260, PR-10269 - New in this release is `ct_doctest`, a module that allows the user to test documentation examples in Erlang module docs and documentation files. ct_doctest allows you to: - Test code examples using shell syntax and their returns - Test code examples that should fail - Write example modules that are compiled and available in shell examples - Plugin other documentation parsing engines so that examples in, for example, `edoc`, `asciidoc`, and others can also be tested. See the documentation for more details. Own Id: OTP-20034 Related Id(s): PR-10824, PR-9315 *** HIGHLIGHT *** > #### Full runtime dependencies of common_test-1.31 > > compiler-10.0, crypto-4.5, debugger-4.1, erts-7.0, ftp-1.0, inets-6.0, > kernel-11.0, observer-2.1, runtime_tools-1.8.16, sasl-2.5, snmp-5.1.2, > ssh-4.0, stdlib-8.0, syntax_tools-1.7, tools-3.2, xmerl-1.3.8 # compiler-10.0 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - For a function such as the following: bar(S0) -> S1 = setelement(8, S0, a), S2 = setelement(7, S1, b), setelement(5, S2, c). the compiler would keep all of the calls to `setelement/3` and emit extra unnecessary `set_tuple_element` instructions. This has been corrected so that the compiler will never emit code that uses the `set_tuple_element` instruction. In a future release, support for the `set_tuple_element` will be removed from the runtime system. Own Id: OTP-19751 Related Id(s): GH-10125, PR-10144 - beam_lib:strip/1 will now retain the Beam debug information chunk produced by the `beam_debug_info` option. The chunk will also be retained when combing the `beam_debug_info` option with the undocumented `slim` option. The runtime system will no longer crash when attempting to load modules that have been compiled with `beam_debug_info` but lack the actual Beam debug info chunk. Own Id: OTP-19991 Related Id(s): GH-10557, PR-10735 ## Improvements and New Features - In comprehensions, a generator that builds a list with a single element will now be optimized to avoid building and matching the list. Example: [H || E <- List, H <- [erlang:phash2(E)], H rem 10 =:= 0] Own Id: OTP-19672 Related Id(s): PR-9934 - In the documentation for the `compile` module, a section has been added with recommendations for implementors of languages running on the BEAM. Documentation has also been added for the `to_abstr`, `to_exp`, and `from_abstr` options. The documentation for erlc now lists `.abstr` as one of the supported options. When compiling with the `to_abstr` option, the resulting `.abstr` file now retains any `-doc` attributes present in the source code. Own Id: OTP-19784 Related Id(s): PR-10230, PR-10234 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented. A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based records, except that is a true data type. Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially requiring updates to applications that use them. Own Id: OTP-19785 Related Id(s): PR-10617 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`. This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`. It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers, and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false. Example: 1> I = 42. 2> is_integer(I, 0, 100). true Own Id: OTP-19809 Related Id(s): PR-10276 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Function application is now left associative. That means one can now write: f(X)(Y) instead of: (f(X))(Y) Own Id: OTP-19866 Related Id(s): PR-9223 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - There will now be a warning when exporting variables out of a subexpression. For example: case file:open(File, AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}]) of {ok,Fd} -> {Fd,AllOpts} end To avoid the warning, this can be rewritten to: AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}], case file:open(File, AllOpts) of {ok,Fd} -> {Fd,AllOpts} end The warning can be suppressed by giving option `nowarn_export_var_subexpr` to the compiler. Own Id: OTP-19898 Related Id(s): PR-9134 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - By default, the compiler will now warn for uses of the `and` and `or` operators. This warning can be suppressed using the `nowarn_obsolete_bool_op` compiler option. Own Id: OTP-19918 Related Id(s): PR-9115 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). * exception error: bad filter 2614250 In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail by default: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. * 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled. With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'." However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is enabled when starting the runtime system: $ erl -enable-feature compr_assign . . . 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). [2614250] Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used: -module(example). -feature(compr_assign, enable). -export([cat/1]). cat(Files) -> [Char || F <- Files, {ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F), Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)]. Own Id: OTP-19927 Related Id(s): PR-9153 *** HIGHLIGHT *** *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - There will now be a warning when using the `catch` operator, which has been deprecated for a long time. It is recommended to instead use `try`...`catch` but is also possible to disable the warning by using the `nowarn_deprecated_catch` option. Own Id: OTP-19938 Related Id(s): PR-10421 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented. Example: > [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)]. [1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5] Own Id: OTP-19942 Related Id(s): PR-9374 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - There will now be a warning for matches that unify constructors, such as the following: m({a,B} = {Y,Z}) -> . . . Such a match can be rewritten to: m({a=Y,B=B}) -> . . . The compiler option `nowarn_match_alias_pats` can be used to disable the warning. Own Id: OTP-19943 Related Id(s): PR-10433 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The compiler now generates more efficient code for map comprehensions with constant values that don't depend on the generator, such as the following: #{K => 42} || K <- List}. #{K => X || K <- List}. #{K => {X, Y} || K <- List}. Own Id: OTP-19968 Related Id(s): PR-10646 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Compilation times of modules with a huge number of calls to `element/2` has been improved. Own Id: OTP-20020 Related Id(s): GH-10807, PR-10819 > #### Full runtime dependencies of compiler-10.0 > > crypto-5.1, erts-13.0, kernel-8.4, stdlib-8.0 # crypto-5.9 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - Fix crypto:hash_equals/2 and FIPS when crypto is statically linked to the beam (with `--enable-static-nifs` and `--disable-dynamic-ssl-lib`). Own Id: OTP-20025 Related Id(s): PR-10817 ## Improvements and New Features - The rand:bytes/1 and rand:bytes_s/2 functions have been optimized by implementing a new internal callback function that crypto:rand_seed_alg/1 and crypto:alg_seed_alg_s/1 have been updated to use. A new algorithm `crypto_prng1`, which also takes advantage of this new internal callback, has been added to crypto:rand_seed_alg/2 and crypto:rand_seed_alg_s/2. It is much faster then the existing `crypto_aes`, in particular for generating bytes. Own Id: OTP-19882 Related Id(s): PR-10453, OTP-19827 - Application `crypto` is auto loaded by `crypto:on_load` in interactive mode. This will ensure that the correct value of configuration parameter `fips_mode` is used to initialize OpenSSL if module `crypto` is called/loaded before the application `crypto` has been loaded. In embedded mode, module `crypto` will fail to load if the application has not been loaded. Own Id: OTP-20035 Related Id(s): PR-10830 - Untested OpenSSL engine support removed on Windows. Own Id: OTP-20036 Related Id(s): PR-10836 > #### Full runtime dependencies of crypto-5.9 > > erts-9.0, kernel-6.0, stdlib-3.9 # debugger-6.1 ## Improvements and New Features - Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM files created before OTP 13B. Own Id: OTP-19906 Related Id(s): PR-10519 - Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented. Example: > [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)]. [1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5] Own Id: OTP-19942 Related Id(s): PR-9374 *** HIGHLIGHT *** > #### Full runtime dependencies of debugger-6.1 > > compiler-8.0, erts-15.0, kernel-10.0, stdlib-7.0, wx-2.0 # dialyzer-6.0 ## Improvements and New Features - Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented. A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based records, except that is a true data type. Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially requiring updates to applications that use them. Own Id: OTP-19785 Related Id(s): PR-10617 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`. This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`. It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers, and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false. Example: 1> I = 42. 2> is_integer(I, 0, 100). true Own Id: OTP-19809 Related Id(s): PR-10276 *** HIGHLIGHT *** > #### Full runtime dependencies of dialyzer-6.0 > > compiler-10.0, erts-12.0, kernel-8.0, stdlib-5.0, syntax_tools-2.0 # diameter-2.7 ## Improvements and New Features - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of diameter-2.7 > > erts-10.0, kernel-3.2, ssl-9.0, stdlib-5.0 # edoc-1.5 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 - Changed behavior of EDoc so that when a module defines a private type and a private function spec uses it, that type no longer gets included in the EDoc chunk. Own Id: OTP-20030 Related Id(s): PR-10770 > #### Full runtime dependencies of edoc-1.5 > > erts-11.0, inets-5.10, kernel-7.0, stdlib-4.0, syntax_tools-2.0, xmerl-1.3.7 # eldap-1.3 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of eldap-1.3 > > asn1-3.0, erts-6.0, kernel-3.0, ssl-5.3.4, stdlib-3.4 # erl_interface-5.7 ## Improvements and New Features - Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now scanned for vulnerabilities. Own Id: OTP-19652 Related Id(s): PR-9790 - Improved name consistency of EPMD protocol messages in documentation and code. Renamed `PORT_PLEASE2_REQ` to `PORT2_REQ` and added prefix `EPMD_`. Own Id: OTP-19734 Related Id(s): GH-10071, PR-10078 ## Known Bugs and Problems - The `ei` API for decoding/encoding terms is not fully 64-bit compatible since terms that have a representation on the external term format larger than 2 GB cannot be handled. Own Id: OTP-16607 Related Id(s): OTP-16608 # erts-17.0 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - For a function such as the following: bar(S0) -> S1 = setelement(8, S0, a), S2 = setelement(7, S1, b), setelement(5, S2, c). the compiler would keep all of the calls to `setelement/3` and emit extra unnecessary `set_tuple_element` instructions. This has been corrected so that the compiler will never emit code that uses the `set_tuple_element` instruction. In a future release, support for the `set_tuple_element` will be removed from the runtime system. Own Id: OTP-19751 Related Id(s): GH-10125, PR-10144 - Improved the handling of the logging directory for the start script on Unix-like systems, so that it no longer crashes when `$ROOTDIR/log` is not writable. Own Id: OTP-19874 Related Id(s): GH-10341, PR-10348 - The `-nocookie` option for `erl` is now documented. Own Id: OTP-19935 Related Id(s): PR-10549 - beam_lib:strip/1 will now retain the Beam debug information chunk produced by the `beam_debug_info` option. The chunk will also be retained when combing the `beam_debug_info` option with the undocumented `slim` option. The runtime system will no longer crash when attempting to load modules that have been compiled with `beam_debug_info` but lack the actual Beam debug info chunk. Own Id: OTP-19991 Related Id(s): GH-10557, PR-10735 - Fix potential symbol clashing on MacOS by passing `RTLD_LOCAL` to `dlopen`. This will make symbols to not be resolvable between subsequently loaded NIF/drivers, which is the default behavior on Linux and BSD. Own Id: OTP-20026 Related Id(s): PR-10805 ## Improvements and New Features - The exported name space of the `beam` executable has been cleaned to only expose symbols of documented interfaces like NIF and driver APIs. This will avoid accidental name clashes with, for example, our statically linked variants of PCRE2 and ZSTD. NIFs and drivers that abuse undocumented internal interfaces will fail to load due to this change. Own Id: OTP-19643 Related Id(s): PR-9864 - Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now scanned for vulnerabilities. Own Id: OTP-19652 Related Id(s): PR-9790 - Improved name consistency of EPMD protocol messages in documentation and code. Renamed `PORT_PLEASE2_REQ` to `PORT2_REQ` and added prefix `EPMD_`. Own Id: OTP-19734 Related Id(s): GH-10071, PR-10078 - The JIT now generates better code for matching or creating binaries with multiple little-endian segments. Own Id: OTP-19747 Related Id(s): PR-10126 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - In the documentation for the `compile` module, a section has been added with recommendations for implementors of languages running on the BEAM. Documentation has also been added for the `to_abstr`, `to_exp`, and `from_abstr` options. The documentation for erlc now lists `.abstr` as one of the supported options. When compiling with the `to_abstr` option, the resulting `.abstr` file now retains any `-doc` attributes present in the source code. Own Id: OTP-19784 Related Id(s): PR-10230, PR-10234 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented. A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based records, except that is a true data type. Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially requiring updates to applications that use them. Own Id: OTP-19785 Related Id(s): PR-10617 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Task stealing between schedulers has been further optimized. Own Id: OTP-19793 Related Id(s): PR-9984 - The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`. This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`. It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers, and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false. Example: 1> I = 42. 2> is_integer(I, 0, 100). true Own Id: OTP-19809 Related Id(s): PR-10276 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Calls to `trace:info(_, {M,F,A}, Item)`, with `Item` as `call_time`, `call_memory`, or `all`, will no longer block all scheduler threads from running. Own Id: OTP-19811 Related Id(s): PR-10207 - Full support for SCTP in socket. Not (yet) supported for FreeBSD. Own Id: OTP-19834 - In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory (`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first. Own Id: OTP-19842 *** HIGHLIGHT *** *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM files created before OTP 13B. Own Id: OTP-19906 Related Id(s): PR-10519 - Optimized ETS named table lookup scalability by replacing read locks with lockless atomic operations. Own Id: OTP-19919 Related Id(s): PR-7118 - Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility. Own Id: OTP-19933 Related Id(s): PR-10573 - Added zstd:flush/2 for flushing compressed data without closing the compression context. Own Id: OTP-19936 Related Id(s): GH-10345, PR-10511 - While the iteration order for maps is undefined, it is now guaranteed that all ways of iterating over maps provides the elements in the same order. That is, all of the following ways of iterating will produce the elements in the same order: - maps:keys/1 - maps:values/1 - maps:to_list/1 - `maps:to_list(maps:iterator(M))` - Map comprehension: `{K,V} || K := V <- M` Own Id: OTP-19963 Related Id(s): PR-10626 - Improved the performance of code loading. Own Id: OTP-19966 Related Id(s): PR-10615 - Changed ets:update_counter/4 and ets:update_element/4 to _always_ reject default tuples smaller than the `keypos` of the table. Such keyless tuples are now rejected even if the key exists in the table and the default tuple would not be used. This is a subtle semantic change but is a nicer behavior for development and testing as it will detect faulty default tuple arguments earlier. Own Id: OTP-19975 Related Id(s): PR-10674 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - Improved compatibility with systems that lack certain shell utilities. Own Id: OTP-20002 Related Id(s): PR-10647 - It was previously not possible to check on the socket nif load result. A successful load was self evident, but a failure was only visible from the fact that most socket functions failed with 'notsup'. This has now been improved such that the (socket nif) load result is visible in the info map (from socket:info/0). Own Id: OTP-20003 - Added support for socket functions `recvmmsg()` and `sendmmsg()`. Own Id: OTP-20015 Related Id(s): PR-10564 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - There is a new NIF function `enif_term_size()`. Own Id: OTP-20016 Related Id(s): PR-10782 - Call trace match specs can use `Arg1, Arg2 | '_'` syntax to match functions with at least N number of arguments. Own Id: OTP-20017 Related Id(s): PR-10754 > #### Full runtime dependencies of erts-17.0 > > kernel-9.0, sasl-3.3, stdlib-4.1 # et-1.8 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of et-1.8 > > erts-9.0, kernel-5.3, runtime_tools-1.10, stdlib-3.4, wx-1.2 # eunit-2.11 ## Improvements and New Features - Added `randomDelay` macro. Own Id: OTP-19997 Related Id(s): PR-10614 > #### Full runtime dependencies of eunit-2.11 > > erts-9.0, kernel-11.0, stdlib-6.0 # ftp-1.3 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of ftp-1.3 > > erts-7.0, kernel-6.0, runtime_tools-1.15.1, ssl-10.2, stdlib-3.5 # inets-9.7 ## Improvements and New Features - A new option max_connections_open has been added to the httpc HTTP client profile configuration. It limits the maximum number of concurrent HTTP handler processes that can be open simultaneously. When the limit is reached, new requests are queued internally and started automatically as existing handlers complete. This prevents bandwidth exhaustion in high-load scenarios where too many parallel connections cause remote servers to close sockets before transfers finish (the socket_closed_remotely error). The option can be set via `httpc:set_options({max_connections_open, 10}, Profile).` The default value is infinity (unlimited), preserving backward compatibility. The value must be a positive integer or infinity, and must be greater than or equal to max_sessions. Own Id: OTP-19587 Related Id(s): GH-8841, PR-9712 - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of inets-9.7 > > erts-14.0, kernel-9.0, mnesia-4.12, public_key-1.13, runtime_tools-1.8.14, > ssl-9.0, stdlib-5.0, stdlib-6.0 # jinterface-1.16 ## Improvements and New Features - The `jinterface` build now honors `SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH` for deterministic build of `OtpErlang.jar`. Own Id: OTP-19956 Related Id(s): PR-10556 # kernel-11.0 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - Fixed (`inet`) module selection when calling (`gen_tcp`) listen and connect and (`gen_udp`) open. Depending on the order of the options, the module option (`tcp_module` or `udp_module`) was sometimes ignored. Own Id: OTP-19695 Related Id(s): GH-9822, PR-10013 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - The TCP/UDP compatibility layer has been fixed so that `inet_backend = socket` now supports socket options `reuseport` and `reuseport_lb` for `gen_tcp` and `gen_udp`. Own Id: OTP-19917 Related Id(s): PR-10514 ## Improvements and New Features - Added an option to set the `erl_boot_server` listen port. Own Id: OTP-19708 Related Id(s): PR-9894 - The memory footprint of some supervisors has been reduced by purging obsoleted data when the supervisor is transitioning to and from hibernation. Own Id: OTP-19713 Related Id(s): PR-9866 - Improved name consistency of EPMD protocol messages in documentation and code. Renamed `PORT_PLEASE2_REQ` to `PORT2_REQ` and added prefix `EPMD_`. Own Id: OTP-19734 Related Id(s): GH-10071, PR-10078 - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - Refactored a `kernel_load_completed` clause for conciseness. Own Id: OTP-19786 Related Id(s): PR-10134 - Full support for SCTP in socket. Not (yet) supported for FreeBSD. Own Id: OTP-19834 - In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory (`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first. Own Id: OTP-19842 *** HIGHLIGHT *** *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - It was previously not possible to check on the socket nif load result. A successful load was self evident, but a failure was only visible from the fact that most socket functions failed with 'notsup'. This has now been improved such that the (socket nif) load result is visible in the info map (from socket:info/0). Own Id: OTP-20003 - Added support for socket functions `recvmmsg()` and `sendmmsg()`. Own Id: OTP-20015 Related Id(s): PR-10564 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Added a new module called `io_ansi` that allows the user to emit Virtual Terminal Sequences (aka ansi sequences) to the terminal in order to add colors/styling to text, or create fully fledged terminal applications. `io_ansi` uses the local terminfo database in order to be as cross-platform compatibly as possible. It also works across nodes so that if functions on a remote node calls io_ansi:fwrite/1 it will use the destination terminals terminfo database to determine which sequences to emit. In practice this means that you can call things in a remote shell session that uses `io_ansi` and it will properly detect that terminal sequences the target terminal can handle and will print using them correctly. Own Id: OTP-20028 Related Id(s): PR-9940 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Polished the documentation groups, essentially removed groups that did nothing but obscure the documentation. Own Id: OTP-20029 Related Id(s): PR-10755 > #### Full runtime dependencies of kernel-11.0 > > crypto-5.0, erts-17.0, sasl-3.0, stdlib-8.0 # megaco-4.9 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of megaco-4.9 > > asn1-3.0, debugger-4.0, erts-12.0, et-1.5, kernel-8.0, runtime_tools-1.8.14, > stdlib-2.5 # mnesia-4.26 ## Improvements and New Features - `mnesia` now has new functions `select_reverse/1-6` supporting iteration over tables in reverse order. Own Id: OTP-19611 Related Id(s): GH-8993, PR-9475 - The `mnesia_registry` module has been removed. Own Id: OTP-19807 Related Id(s): PR-7315 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** > #### Full runtime dependencies of mnesia-4.26 > > erts-9.0, kernel-5.3, stdlib-5.0 # observer-2.19 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of observer-2.19 > > erts-15.0, et-1.5, kernel-10.0, runtime_tools-2.1, stdlib-5.0, wx-2.3 # odbc-2.17 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of odbc-2.17 > > erts-6.0, kernel-3.0, stdlib-2.0 # os_mon-2.12 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of os_mon-2.12 > > erts-14.0, kernel-9.0, sasl-4.2.1, stdlib-5.0 # parsetools-2.8 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of parsetools-2.8 > > erts-6.0, kernel-3.0, stdlib-3.4 # public_key-1.21 ## Improvements and New Features - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - Added an option for relaxed encoding of certificates, to allow some values to be empty. This may be used by other applications for interoperability reasons. This option is not used by the `ssl` application. Own Id: OTP-19822 Related Id(s): PR-10033 > #### Full runtime dependencies of public_key-1.21 > > asn1-5.0, crypto-5.8, erts-13.0, kernel-8.0, stdlib-4.0 # reltool-1.1 ## Improvements and New Features - Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility. Own Id: OTP-19933 Related Id(s): PR-10573 > #### Full runtime dependencies of reltool-1.1 > > erts-15.0, kernel-9.0, sasl-4.2.1, stdlib-5.0, tools-2.6.14, wx-2.3 # runtime_tools-2.4 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of runtime_tools-2.4 > > erts-16.0, kernel-10.0, mnesia-4.12, stdlib-6.0 # sasl-4.4 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - UNC paths are now handled on Windows. Own Id: OTP-19949 Related Id(s): PR-10601 ## Improvements and New Features - Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility. Own Id: OTP-19933 Related Id(s): PR-10573 > #### Full runtime dependencies of sasl-4.4 > > erts-15.0, kernel-6.0, stdlib-4.0, tools-2.6.14 # snmp-5.20.2 ## Improvements and New Features - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 > #### Full runtime dependencies of snmp-5.20.2 > > asn1-5.4, crypto-4.6, erts-12.0, kernel-8.0, mnesia-4.12, > runtime_tools-1.8.14, stdlib-5.0 # ssh-5.6 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - Password-based authentication updated to follow current security best practices. Key-based authentication remains recommended for production systems. Own Id: OTP-19982 Related Id(s): PR-10571 - Added explicit size validation guards for pre-authentication SSH messages to improve defense-in-depth against DoS attacks. Messages now have per-field size limits based on RFC specifications: - Transport layer messages (DISCONNECT, IGNORE, DEBUG) - Key exchange messages (DH, ECDH, DH-GEX) - Service request messages (SERVICE_REQUEST, SERVICE_ACCEPT, EXT_INFO) This change enhances the existing 256KB global packet size limit with granular per-message validation. Compliant implementations are not affected. Own Id: OTP-19995 Related Id(s): PR-10739 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - The SFTP subsystem `root` option now properly rejects relative paths at daemon startup. Previously, relative paths would cause unpredictable behavior as file operations resolved relative to the Erlang VM's current working directory. The option now requires an absolute path or empty string. Own Id: OTP-20019 Related Id(s): PR-10820 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** ## Improvements and New Features - Using KEX strict extension names as specified in draft-ietf-sshm-strict-kex-00. Pre standard names are still supported. Own Id: OTP-19709 Related Id(s): PR-10115 - Added an 'alive' option to detect and terminate dead SSH connections. Functionally equivalent to OpenSSH's ClientAlive*/ServerAlive* settings. Own Id: OTP-19750 Related Id(s): PR-10372, PR-9125 - `ssh:stop_deamon` now uses `supervisor:stop` for shutting down daemons. With this change, the scenario when `ssh:stop_daemon` is called for a non-existing process results in calling process exiting. Previously an error tuple was returned (which was not documented). Own Id: OTP-19801 Related Id(s): PR-10253 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - The default key exchange algorithm is now mlkem768x25519-sha256, a hybrid quantum-resistant algorithm combining ML-KEM-768 with X25519. This provides protection against both classical and quantum computer attacks while maintaining backward compatibility through automatic fallback to other algorithms when peers don't support it. Own Id: OTP-19965 Related Id(s): PR-10656 *** HIGHLIGHT *** *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - Added SFTP resource limits section to hardening guide covering max_handles, max_path, and max_files with deployment recommendations. Own Id: OTP-20031 Related Id(s): PR-10838 > #### Full runtime dependencies of ssh-5.6 > > crypto-5.7, erts-14.0, kernel-10.3, public_key-1.6.1, runtime_tools-1.15.1, > stdlib-8.0 # ssl-11.5.4 ## Improvements and New Features - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 > #### Full runtime dependencies of ssl-11.5.4 > > crypto-5.8, erts-16.0, inets-5.10.7, kernel-10.3, public_key-1.18.3, > runtime_tools-1.15.1, stdlib-7.0 # stdlib-8.0 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - Fixed an issue in digraph_utils:roots/1 where roots could be missed in some cases. Own Id: OTP-19932 Related Id(s): PR-10510 - beam_lib:strip/1 will now retain the Beam debug information chunk produced by the `beam_debug_info` option. The chunk will also be retained when combing the `beam_debug_info` option with the undocumented `slim` option. The runtime system will no longer crash when attempting to load modules that have been compiled with `beam_debug_info` but lack the actual Beam debug info chunk. Own Id: OTP-19991 Related Id(s): GH-10557, PR-10735 - Fixed a crash when zstd:compress/2 was asked to compress empty data. Own Id: OTP-20001 Related Id(s): GH-10650, PR-10653 ## Improvements and New Features - Error return values from functions in `zip` now also specify which file in the archive the error belongs to. Own Id: OTP-19663 Related Id(s): PR-9899 - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - The undocumented and unsupported function lists:zf/2 is now deprecated. Own Id: OTP-19783 Related Id(s): PR-10161 - Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented. A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based records, except that is a true data type. Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially requiring updates to applications that use them. Own Id: OTP-19785 Related Id(s): PR-10617 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The new `supervior:stop/1,2` functions can be used to manage the dynamic parts of a supervisor tree in an application from outside the tree but in the same application. Own Id: OTP-19800 Related Id(s): PR-9209 - Added a new constructor array:from/2. Own Id: OTP-19815 Related Id(s): PR-10304 - There are new functions for random permutation of a list: rand:shuffle/1 and rand:shuffle_s/2. They are inspired by a suggestion and discussion on ErlangForums. Own Id: OTP-19826 Related Id(s): PR-10281 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The undocumented functions erl_eval:extended_parse_exprs/1 and erl_eval:extended_parse_term/1 will now be faster when called with a long list of tokens. (These functions are used by `qlc` and the shell.) Own Id: OTP-19838 Related Id(s): PR-10338 - The `unicode` module now supports the Unicode 17 standard. Own Id: OTP-19853 Related Id(s): PR-10382 - Added functions to `unicode` for recognizing whitespace and identifier. Own Id: OTP-19858 Related Id(s): PR-10387 - The rand:bytes/1 and rand:bytes_s/2 functions have been optimized by implementing a new internal callback function that crypto:rand_seed_alg/1 and crypto:alg_seed_alg_s/1 have been updated to use. A new algorithm `crypto_prng1`, which also takes advantage of this new internal callback, has been added to crypto:rand_seed_alg/2 and crypto:rand_seed_alg_s/2. It is much faster then the existing `crypto_aes`, in particular for generating bytes. Own Id: OTP-19882 Related Id(s): PR-10453, OTP-19827 - There will now be a warning when exporting variables out of a subexpression. For example: case file:open(File, AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}]) of {ok,Fd} -> {Fd,AllOpts} end To avoid the warning, this can be rewritten to: AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}], case file:open(File, AllOpts) of {ok,Fd} -> {Fd,AllOpts} end The warning can be suppressed by giving option `nowarn_export_var_subexpr` to the compiler. Own Id: OTP-19898 Related Id(s): PR-9134 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - There are new functions in the shell for returning process information. The `pi/1` function is shortcut for erlang:process_info/1. The `pi/3` function takes the three numbers from a pid, constructs a pid, and calls `process_info/1`. Examples: 1> pi(<0.90.0>). [{current_function,{c,pinfo,1}}, {initial_call,{erlang,apply,2}}, {status,running}, ... 2> pi(0, 90, 0). [{current_function,{c,pinfo,1}}, {initial_call,{erlang,apply,2}}, {status,running}, ... Own Id: OTP-19903 Related Id(s): PR-10422 - Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM files created before OTP 13B. Own Id: OTP-19906 Related Id(s): PR-10519 - The `calendar` module has been updated to use the much faster than before Neri-Schneider algorithm for Gregorian calendar calculations, and been extended to handle negative years. Own Id: OTP-19912 Related Id(s): PR-10449 - `graph` is a new module that is a functional equivalent of the `digraph` and `digraph_utils` modules. Own Id: OTP-19922 Related Id(s): PR-10532 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). * exception error: bad filter 2614250 In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail by default: 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. * 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled. With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'." However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is enabled when starting the runtime system: $ erl -enable-feature compr_assign . . . 1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0]. ok 2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)). [2614250] Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used: -module(example). -feature(compr_assign, enable). -export([cat/1]). cat(Files) -> [Char || F <- Files, {ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F), Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)]. Own Id: OTP-19927 Related Id(s): PR-9153 *** HIGHLIGHT *** *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility. Own Id: OTP-19933 Related Id(s): PR-10573 - The functions erl_tar:add/3 and erl_tar:add/4 now accepts the `{mode,Mode}` option for setting the permission of the file. Own Id: OTP-19934 Related Id(s): PR-10524 - Added zstd:flush/2 for flushing compressed data without closing the compression context. Own Id: OTP-19936 Related Id(s): GH-10345, PR-10511 - There will now be a warning when using the `catch` operator, which has been deprecated for a long time. It is recommended to instead use `try`...`catch` but is also possible to disable the warning by using the `nowarn_deprecated_catch` option. Own Id: OTP-19938 Related Id(s): PR-10421 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented. Example: > [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)]. [1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5] Own Id: OTP-19942 Related Id(s): PR-9374 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - There will now be a warning for matches that unify constructors, such as the following: m({a,B} = {Y,Z}) -> . . . Such a match can be rewritten to: m({a=Y,B=B}) -> . . . The compiler option `nowarn_match_alias_pats` can be used to disable the warning. Own Id: OTP-19943 Related Id(s): PR-10433 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - The `array` module have been extended with several new functions. The internal representation have been changed to allow the new functionality and optimizations. Arrays serialized with `term_to_binary/1` in previous releases are not compatible. Own Id: OTP-20004 Related Id(s): PR-10578 *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY *** - `m:erl_tar` will use less memory when extracting large tar entries to disk. Instead of reading each tar entry into memory, `erl_tar` will now stream data in chunks of 64KB. The chunk size is settable using the new `{chunks,ChunkSize}` option. The new `{max_size,Size}` option will set a limit on the total size of extracted data to protect against filling up the disk. Checking of symlinks has been improved. Some symlinks that were safe (such as `dir/link -> ../file`) used to be rejected. Own Id: OTP-20023 Related Id(s): PR-10814, PR-10818, PR-10821 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Added a new module called `io_ansi` that allows the user to emit Virtual Terminal Sequences (aka ansi sequences) to the terminal in order to add colors/styling to text, or create fully fledged terminal applications. `io_ansi` uses the local terminfo database in order to be as cross-platform compatibly as possible. It also works across nodes so that if functions on a remote node calls io_ansi:fwrite/1 it will use the destination terminals terminfo database to determine which sequences to emit. In practice this means that you can call things in a remote shell session that uses `io_ansi` and it will properly detect that terminal sequences the target terminal can handle and will print using them correctly. Own Id: OTP-20028 Related Id(s): PR-9940 *** HIGHLIGHT *** - Polished the documentation groups, essentially removed groups that did nothing but obscure the documentation. Own Id: OTP-20029 Related Id(s): PR-10755 > #### Full runtime dependencies of stdlib-8.0 > > compiler-5.0, crypto-4.5, erts-16.0.3, kernel-11.0, sasl-3.0, > syntax_tools-3.2.1 # syntax_tools-4.1 ## Improvements and New Features - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented. Example: > [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)]. [1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5] Own Id: OTP-19942 Related Id(s): PR-9374 *** HIGHLIGHT *** > #### Full runtime dependencies of syntax_tools-4.1 > > compiler-9.0, erts-16.0, kernel-10.3, stdlib-8.0 # tftp-1.3 ## Improvements and New Features - The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language constructs. Own Id: OTP-19744 Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730 - All use of legacy `catch` in the TFTP application has been rewritten. In the process, deep return using `exit/1` or `throw/1` from callbacks has been changed to only work with `throw/1`, as customary. This was considered a misfeature. Explicit loading of callback module or logger module has been removed, since that was against what one would expect for embedded mode. Own Id: OTP-19996 Related Id(s): PR-10753 > #### Full runtime dependencies of tftp-1.3 > > erts-6.0, kernel-6.0, stdlib-5.0 # tools-4.2 ## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions - Fixed "unbalanced parenthesis" issue when pressing TAB in emacs erlang shell. Own Id: OTP-19921 Related Id(s): GH-8569, PR-10642 ## Improvements and New Features - Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM files created before OTP 13B. Own Id: OTP-19906 Related Id(s): PR-10519 - The `ignore_xref` attribute has been handled as a post-analysis filter by build tools such as Rebar3. In this release, `xref` itself does the filtering, ensuring that all tooling that calls `xref` for any purpose can rely on these declarations to just work. Own Id: OTP-20032 Related Id(s): PR-10592 *** HIGHLIGHT *** > #### Full runtime dependencies of tools-4.2 > > compiler-8.5, erts-15.0, erts-15.0, kernel-10.0, runtime_tools-2.1, stdlib-6.0 # wx-2.6 ## Improvements and New Features - Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now scanned for vulnerabilities. Own Id: OTP-19652 Related Id(s): PR-9790 - Documentation about how to validate the SBOM using sigstore has been added. Own Id: OTP-19766 Related Id(s): GH-10151, PR-10187 > #### Full runtime dependencies of wx-2.6 > > erts-12.0, kernel-8.0, stdlib-5.0 # xmerl-2.2 ## Improvements and New Features - Only minor internal changes. Own Id: OTP-19964 > #### Full runtime dependencies of xmerl-2.2 > > erts-6.0, kernel-8.4, stdlib-2.5 # Thanks to Alexandre Rodrigues, Andreas Hasselberg, Bentheburrito, Bernhard M. Wiedemann, Claes Nästén, Daniel Gorin, Daniel Kukula, dependabotbot, Eksperimental, Eric Meadows-Jönsson, erlang-bot-appbot, felipe stival, Fernando Areias, Holger Weiß, Ievgen Pyrogov, Ilya Averyanov, Ilya Klyuchnikov, Jan Uhlig, Jérôme de Bretagne, João Henrique Ferreira de Freitas, Johannes Christ, Jonatan Männchen, José Valim, krishnadas, Loïc Hoguin, loscher, Maria Scott, Marko Mindek, matt, Mend Renovate, Michael Daniels, Michał Muskała, Nelson Vides, Nick Vatamaniuc, Olexandr88, Paul Guyot, Paulo F. Oliveira, Paulo Tomé, Preet, Radek Szymczyszyn, Richard Carlsson, Robert Ismo, Robin Morisset, Sam Weaver, Sébastien Saint-Sevin, Sergey Fedorov, Simon Cornish, Stefan Grundmann, Takeru Ohta, Vadim Yanitskiy, Vance Shipley, Wade Mealing, Wei Huang, yagogarea, Zabrane, наб