View Source cprof (tools v4.0)

A simple Call Count Profiling Tool using breakpoints for minimal runtime performance impact.

The cprof module is used to profile a program to find out how many times different functions are called. To minimize runtime performance impact, breakpoints containing counters are used.

Since breakpoints are used there is no need for special compilation of the modules to be profiled. These breakpoints can only be set on BEAM code, so BIFs cannot be call-count traced.

The size of the call counters is the host machine word size. One bit is used when pausing the counter, so the maximum counter value for a 32-bit host is 2,147,483,647.

The profiling result is delivered as a term containing a sorted list of entries, one per module. Each module entry contains a sorted list of functions. The sorting order in both cases is of decreasing call count.

Call count tracing is lightweight compared to other forms of tracing, such as eprof or fprof, since no trace messages have to be generated. Some measurements indicates that the performance degradation is about 10 percent.

For more information and some examples, see the User's Guide for cprof.

Summary

Types

func_analysis_list()

mod_analysis()

mod_analysis_list()

Functions

analyse()

Equivalent to analyse(1).

analyse(ModLimit)

Collect call counters for one or more modules.

analyse(Module, Limit)

Collects and analyses all call counters for module Module.

pause()

Pause call count tracing for all functions in all modules and stop it for all functions in modules to be loaded.

pause(FuncSpec)

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to pause(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

pause(Mod, Func)

Equivalent to pause(Mod, Func, '_').

pause(Mod, Func, Arity)

Pause call counters for matching functions in matching modules.

restart()

Equivalent to restart('_', '_', '_').

restart(FuncSpec)

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to restart(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

restart(Mod, Func)

Equivalent to restart(Mod, Func, '_').

restart(Mod, Func, Arity)

Restart call counters for the matching functions in matching modules that are call-count traced.

start()

Start call count tracing for all functions in all modules, and also for all functions in modules to be loaded.

start(FuncSpec)

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to start(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

start(Mod, Func)

Equivalent to start(Mod, Func, '_').

start(Mod, Func, Arity)

Start call count tracing for matching functions in matching modules.

stop()

Stop call count tracing for all functions in all modules, and also for all functions in modules to be loaded.

stop(FuncSpec)

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to stop(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

stop(Mod, Func)

Equivalent to stop(Mod, Func, '_').

stop(Mod, Func, Arity)

Stop call count tracing for matching functions in matching modules.

Types

func_analysis_list()

(not exported)

-type func_analysis_list() :: [{mfa(), FuncCallCount :: non_neg_integer()}].

mod_analysis()

(not exported)

-type mod_analysis() ::
    {Mod :: module(), ModCallCount :: non_neg_integer(), FuncAnalysisList :: func_analysis_list()}.

mod_analysis_list()

(not exported)

-type mod_analysis_list() :: [mod_analysis()].

Functions

analyse()

-spec analyse() -> {AllCallCount :: non_neg_integer(), ModAnalysisList :: mod_analysis_list()}.

Equivalent to analyse(1).

analyse(ModLimit)

-spec analyse(Limit) -> {AllCallCount :: non_neg_integer(), ModAnalysisList :: mod_analysis_list()}
           when Limit :: non_neg_integer();
       (Mod) -> ModAnalysis :: mod_analysis() when Mod :: module().

Collect call counters for one or more modules.

If ModLimit is a module name (an atom), this call is equivalent to analyse(ModLimit, 1).

If ModLimit is an integer, this function calls analyse(Module, ModLimit) for each Module that is currently loaded (except the cprof module itself). The result from those calls are returned in a list.

analyse(Module, Limit)

-spec analyse(Mod, Limit) -> ModAnalysis :: mod_analysis()
           when Mod :: module(), Limit :: non_neg_integer().

Collects and analyses all call counters for module Module.

This function returns:

{Module, ModuleCount, FuncAnalysisList}

where FuncAnalysisList is a list of tuples, one for each function:

{{Module, FunctionName, Arity}, FuncCallCount}

If call counters are still running while analyse/0,1,2 is executing, the result could be inconsistent. This happens if the process executing analyse/0,1,2 is scheduled out so some other process can increment the counters that are being analysed. Calling pause() before analysing takes care of that problem.

All functions with a FuncCallCount lower than Limit are excluded from FuncAnalysisList. They are still included in ModCallCount, though.

pause()

-spec pause() -> non_neg_integer().

Pause call count tracing for all functions in all modules and stop it for all functions in modules to be loaded.

This call is equivalent to pause('_', '_', '_') + stop({on_load}).

pause(FuncSpec)

-spec pause(FuncSpec) -> non_neg_integer() when FuncSpec :: (Mod :: module()) | mfa() | {FS :: term()}.

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to pause(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

If FuncSpec is an MFA tuple, {Module, Name, Arity}, this call is equivalent to pause(Module, Name, Arity).

If FuncSpec is tuple {FS}, FS is the first argument to erlang:trace_pattern/3. For example, if FuncSpec is {on_load}, call counters will be paused for all functions in modules to be loaded.

pause(Mod, Func)

-spec pause(Mod, Func) -> non_neg_integer() when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom().

Equivalent to pause(Mod, Func, '_').

pause(Mod, Func, Arity)

-spec pause(Mod, Func, Arity) -> non_neg_integer()
         when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom(), Arity :: arity().

Pause call counters for matching functions in matching modules.

The call counters for all matching functions that have call count breakpoints are paused at their current count.

Return the number of matching functions that can have call count breakpoints, the same as start/* with the same arguments would have returned.

restart()

-spec restart() -> non_neg_integer().

Equivalent to restart('_', '_', '_').

restart(FuncSpec)

-spec restart(FuncSpec) -> non_neg_integer() when FuncSpec :: (Mod :: module()) | mfa() | {FS :: term()}.

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to restart(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

If FuncSpec is an MFA tuple, {Module, Name, Arity}, this call is equivalent to restart(Module, Name, Arity).

If FuncSpec is tuple {FS}, FS is the first argument to erlang:trace_pattern/3. For example, if FuncSpec is {on_load}, call counters will be set to zero and running for all functions in modules to be loaded.

restart(Mod, Func)

-spec restart(Mod, Func) -> non_neg_integer() when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom().

Equivalent to restart(Mod, Func, '_').

restart(Mod, Func, Arity)

-spec restart(Mod, Func, Arity) -> non_neg_integer()
           when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom(), Arity :: arity().

Restart call counters for the matching functions in matching modules that are call-count traced.

The call counters for all matching functions that has call count breakpoints are set to zero and running.

Return the number of matching functions that can have call count breakpoints, the same as start/* with the same arguments would have returned.

start()

-spec start() -> non_neg_integer().

Start call count tracing for all functions in all modules, and also for all functions in modules to be loaded.

This is equivalent to start('_', '_', '_') + start({on_load}).

start(FuncSpec)

-spec start(FuncSpec) -> non_neg_integer() when FuncSpec :: (Mod :: module()) | mfa() | {FS :: term()}.

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to start(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

If FuncSpec is an MFA tuple, {Module, Name, Arity}, this call is equivalent to start(Module, Name, Arity).

start(Mod, Func)

-spec start(Mod, Func) -> non_neg_integer() when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom().

Equivalent to start(Mod, Func, '_').

start(Mod, Func, Arity)

-spec start(Mod, Func, Arity) -> non_neg_integer()
         when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom(), Arity :: arity().

Start call count tracing for matching functions in matching modules.

Set call count breakpoints on the matching functions that has no call count breakpoints. Call counters are set to zero and running for all matching functions.

Return the number of matching functions that has call count breakpoints.

stop()

-spec stop() -> non_neg_integer().

Stop call count tracing for all functions in all modules, and also for all functions in modules to be loaded.

This is equivalent to stop('_', '_', '_') + stop({on_load}).

stop(FuncSpec)

-spec stop(FuncSpec) -> non_neg_integer() when FuncSpec :: (Mod :: module()) | mfa() | {FS :: term()}.

If FuncSpec is an atom, it is assumed to be a module name, and this call is equivalent to stop(FuncSpec, '_', '_').

If FuncSpec is an MFA tuple, {Module, Name, Arity}, this call is equivalent to stop(Module, Name, Arity).

If FuncSpec is tuple {FS}, FS is the first argument to erlang:trace_pattern/3. For example, if FuncSpec is {on_load}, call counters be disabled for all functions in modules to be loaded.

stop(Mod, Func)

-spec stop(Mod, Func) -> non_neg_integer() when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom().

Equivalent to stop(Mod, Func, '_').

stop(Mod, Func, Arity)

-spec stop(Mod, Func, Arity) -> non_neg_integer() when Mod :: module(), Func :: atom(), Arity :: arity().

Stop call count tracing for matching functions in matching modules.

Remove call count breakpoints from the matching functions that has call count breakpoints.

Return the number of matching functions that can have call count breakpoints, which is the same as start/* with the same arguments would have returned.