View Source atomics (erts v15.0)
Atomic Functions
This module provides a set of functions to do atomic operations towards mutable atomic variables. The implementation utilizes only atomic hardware instructions without any software level locking, which makes it very efficient for concurrent access. The atomics are organized into arrays with the following semantics:
- Atomics are 64 bit integers.
- Atomics can be represented as either signed or unsigned.
- Atomics wrap around at overflow and underflow operations.
- All operations guarantee atomicity. No intermediate results can be seen. The result of one mutation can only be the input to one following mutation.
- All atomic operations are mutually ordered. If atomic B is updated after atomic A, then that is how it will appear to any concurrent readers. No one can read the new value of B and then read the old value of A.
- Indexes into atomic arrays are one-based. An atomic array of arity N contains N atomics with index from 1 to N.
Summary
Functions
Add Incr to atomic.
Atomically add Incr to atomic and return the result.
Atomically compare the atomic with Expected, and if those are equal, set
atomic to Desired.
Atomically replace the value of the atomic with Desired and return the previous value.
Read atomic value.
Return information about an atomic array in a map.
Create a new array of Arity number of atomics. All atomics in the array are
initially set to zero.
Set atomic to Value.
Subtract Decr from atomic.
Atomically subtract Decr from atomic and return the result.
Types
-opaque atomics_ref()
Identifies an atomic array returned from new/2.
Functions
-spec add(Ref, Ix, Incr) -> ok when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Incr :: integer().
Add Incr to atomic.
-spec add_get(Ref, Ix, Incr) -> integer() when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Incr :: integer().
Atomically add Incr to atomic and return the result.
-spec compare_exchange(Ref, Ix, Expected, Desired) -> ok | integer() when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Expected :: integer(), Desired :: integer().
Atomically compare the atomic with Expected, and if those are equal, set
atomic to Desired.
Return ok if Desired was written. Return the actual atomic value if
not equal to Expected.
-spec exchange(Ref, Ix, Desired) -> integer() when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Desired :: integer().
Atomically replace the value of the atomic with Desired and return the previous value.
-spec get(Ref, Ix) -> integer() when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer().
Read atomic value.
-spec info(Ref) -> Info when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Info :: #{size := Size, max := Max, min := Min, memory := Memory}, Size :: non_neg_integer(), Max :: integer(), Min :: integer(), Memory :: non_neg_integer().
Return information about an atomic array in a map.
The map has the following keys:
size- The number of atomics in the array.max- The highest possible value an atomic in this array can hold.min- The lowest possible value an atomic in this array can hold.memory- Approximate memory consumption for the array in bytes.
-spec new(Arity, Opts) -> atomics_ref() when Arity :: pos_integer(), Opts :: [Opt], Opt :: {signed, boolean()}.
Create a new array of Arity number of atomics. All atomics in the array are
initially set to zero.
Argument Opts is a list of the following possible options:
{signed, boolean()}- Indicate if the elements of the array will be treated as signed or unsigned integers. Default istrue(signed).The integer interval for signed atomics are from
-(1 bsl 63)to(1 bsl 63)-1and for unsigned atomics from0to(1 bsl 64)-1.
Atomics are not tied to the current process and are automatically garbage collected when they are no longer referenced.
-spec put(Ref, Ix, Value) -> ok when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Value :: integer().
Set atomic to Value.
-spec sub(Ref, Ix, Decr) -> ok when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Decr :: integer().
Subtract Decr from atomic.
-spec sub_get(Ref, Ix, Decr) -> integer() when Ref :: atomics_ref(), Ix :: integer(), Decr :: integer().
Atomically subtract Decr from atomic and return the result.