<div dir="ltr"><div class="markdown-here-wrapper" style=""><p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">Right now, the distribution protocol gets to play with toys that the rest of us don’t: it can make sequential <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/1</code> calls more space-efficient by lifting the atoms out of each term, converting them into cheap <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">EXT_ATOM_CACHE_REF</code>s. It then emits the atom-cache updates as headers in each data message.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">I propose moving this logic to a more Erlang-userland accessible level. Rather than atom caches being something that happen internally in <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">dist.c</code>, atom caches could be exposed as a general feature of the External Term Format in <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">external.c</code>.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">Users could create new atom caches through a BIF (e.g. <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">make_atom_cache/0</code>) and then fold the terms they wish to encode/decode over the atom cache, which would either return a new atom cache (if the atom cache is an exposed term) or would mutate the underlying data-structure of the atom cache (if the atom cache is an opaque handle.) Users could then use another BIF to ask the atom cache to create a binary description of an update.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">The distribution protocol could then be reimplemented backwards-compatibly in terms of these new BIFs, where the atom cache update in each data message's header would simply be the return value of the "describe atom cache update" BIF.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">I've outlined below a few potential API designs for this idea. I'd like to get feedback what people like/dislike about them. If there's clear community consensus that one of these ideas is good, I'll move forward with either a patch or an EEP (I personally feel this isn't the kind of big-deal change that warrants an EEP, but correct me if I'm wrong.)</p>
<h3 id="1-atom-cache-as-plain-functional-data-structure" style="margin:1.3em 0px 1em;padding:0px;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em">1 - Erlang-exposed atom cache</h3>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">Using the hypothetical BIF <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">make_atom_cache/0</code>, a hypothetical <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code> option for <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/2</code>, and the hypothetical BIF <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">binary_to_term/2</code> which also takes an <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code> option. Both <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/2</code> and <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">binary_to_term/2</code>, when passed the <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code> option, would return a <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">{Result, UpdatedAtomCache}</code> tuple.</p>
<pre style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;font-size:1em;line-height:1.2em;margin:1.2em 0px"><code class="hljs language-erlang" style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline;white-space:pre;overflow:auto;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding:0.5em 0.7em;display:block!important;display:block;overflow-x:auto;padding:0.5em;color:rgb(51,51,51);background:rgb(248,248,248)"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">terms_to_binaries</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:make_atom_cache</span>()).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">terms_to_binaries</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, []).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">([], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">lists:reverse</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">([], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheFinal</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiff</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:diff_atom_cache</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheFinal</span>),
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiffBin</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:term_to_binary</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiff</span>),
[<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiffBin</span> | <span class="hljs-function_name">lists:reverse</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)].
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">([<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACachePrev</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-tuple">{<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheCurr</span>}</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:term_to_binary</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span>, <span class="hljs-tuple">{atom_cache, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACachePrev</span>}</span>),
<span class="hljs-function_name">terms_to_binaries</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheCurr</span>, [<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>]).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">binaries_to_terms</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:make_atom_cache</span>()).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">binaries_to_terms</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, []).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">([], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-tuple">{<span class="hljs-function_name">lists:reverse</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>), <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache</span>}</span>.
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">([<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-tuple">{<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache1</span>}</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:binary_to_term</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span>, [<span class="hljs-tuple">{atom_cache, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache0</span>}</span>]),
<span class="hljs-function_name">binaries_to_terms</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache1</span>, [<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>]).
</code></pre>
<h3 id="2-exposed-atom-cache-opaque-transaction-handles" style="margin:1.3em 0px 1em;padding:0px;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em">2 - Exposed atom cache, but opaque transaction handles</h3>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">Design #1 assumes you want functional-data-structure semantics for atom caches the whole way through the encoding/decoding process, which can be slow, and which really makes little sense given that there is no real use for the intermediate atom-cache representations.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">An alternate design would make the intermediate atom-cache representations opaque—you’d have a handle into an atom-cache “transaction” (a piece of opaque ERTS-mutable data in the owner process’s heap, like a NIF handle), and committing the transaction would destroy this handle and return a regular Erlang-visible representation of the updated atom-cache and a diff from the start of the transaction:</p>
<pre style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;font-size:1em;line-height:1.2em;margin:1.2em 0px"><code class="hljs language-erlang" style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline;white-space:pre;overflow:auto;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding:0.5em 0.7em;display:block!important;display:block;overflow-x:auto;padding:0.5em;color:rgb(51,51,51);background:rgb(248,248,248)"><span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">terms_to_binaries</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:make_atom_cache</span>()).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">terms_to_binaries</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-function_name">atom_cache:transaction</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache</span>), []).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">([], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-tuple">{<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">_UpdatedACache</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiff</span>}</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">atom_cache:commit</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>),
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiffBin</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:term_to_binary</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiff</span>),
[<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheDiffBin</span> | <span class="hljs-function_name">lists:reverse</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)].
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">terms_to_binaries</span><span class="hljs-params">([<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:term_to_binary</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span>, <span class="hljs-tuple">{atom_cache, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>}</span>),
<span class="hljs-function_name">terms_to_binaries</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>, [<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>]).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">binaries_to_terms</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>, <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:make_atom_cache</span>()).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-function_name">binaries_to_terms</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>, <span class="hljs-function_name">atom_cache:transaction</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACache</span>), []).
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">([], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-tuple">{<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">UpdatedACache</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">_ACacheDiff</span>}</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">atom_cache:commit</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>),
<span class="hljs-tuple">{<span class="hljs-function_name">lists:reverse</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>), <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">UpdatedACache</span>}</span>.
<span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-title" style="color:rgb(153,0,0);font-weight:bold">binaries_to_terms</span><span class="hljs-params">([<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>], <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>)</span> -></span>
<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span> = <span class="hljs-function_name">erlang:binary_to_term</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bin</span>, [<span class="hljs-tuple">{atom_cache, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>}</span>]),
<span class="hljs-function_name">binaries_to_terms</span>(<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Bins</span>, <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">ACacheTx</span>, [<span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Term</span> | <span class="hljs-variable" style="color:rgb(0,128,128)">Terms</span>]).
</code></pre>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">This still introduces a <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">binary_to_term/2</code> BIF, but no longer requires <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/2</code> or <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">binary_to_term/2</code> to have multiple potential return types. It also would require the new BIFs <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache:transaction/1</code> and <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache:commit/1</code>, as well as the <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">make_atom_cache/0</code> BIF.</p>
<h3 id="3-opaque-atom-cache-with-or-without-transactions-" style="margin:1.3em 0px 1em;padding:0px;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.3em">3 - Opaque atom cache (with or without transactions)</h3>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">This overhead savings is meaningful, but potentially small if the client is using <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/2</code> for a streaming protocol, where the atom-cache transactions would have to be limited to small batch sizes in order to emit chunks in a timely manner.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">Further savings could be made if, rather than the atom cache being exposed as a term between transactions, the atom cache itself was an opaque handle for its entire lifetime. For example, an atom cache could exist as an ETS table using the special table-type <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code>, with its own backing data-structure optimized for this use-case.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">This would handily provide a framework for shared-access concurrency of atom caches—concurrent decoder processes and even concurrent encoder processes could be backed by a shared atom cache, allowing terms from the same port, or destined for the same port, to be encoded/decoded concurrently, without generating redundant atom-cache-update binaries in the encoded stream.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">Transactions, if still desirable, would still need to exist as separate opaque state-tracking objects, in order for the transaction-commits to produce valid atom-cache diffs corresponding to the terms that have been encoded.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">But, if updates to the <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code> data structure are cheap enough, transactions may able to be discarded as an approach in favour of each individual <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/2</code> and <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">binary_to_term/2</code> with the <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code> option passed performing an atomic write to the atom cache table, and returning an individual-operation diff.</p>
<p style="margin:0px 0px 1.2em!important">If, under an atomic-updates design, <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">term_to_binary/2</code> simply prepended the encoded atom-cache diff to its own encoded term, then this would make the APIs of the two ETF functions entirely backwards-compatible with their forms today, just now with each having side-effects on an optional passed atom-cache and potentially different outputs (in content, but not in type) when the <code style="font-size:0.85em;font-family:Consolas,Inconsolata,Courier,monospace;margin:0px 0.15em;padding:0px 0.3em;white-space:pre-wrap;border:1px solid rgb(234,234,234);background-color:rgb(248,248,248);border-radius:3px;display:inline">atom_cache</code> option is passed.</p>
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