<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<style type="text/css" style="display:none;"> P {margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;} </style>
</head>
<body dir="ltr">
<pre class="elementToProof"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="elementToProof">Inital Release: OTP 29.0
Git Tag: OTP-29.0
Date: 2026-03-18
Trouble Report Id: OTP-16607, OTP-19587, OTP-19611, OTP-19643,
OTP-19652, OTP-19663, OTP-19672, OTP-19695,
OTP-19708, OTP-19709, OTP-19713, OTP-19734,
OTP-19744, OTP-19747, OTP-19750, OTP-19751,
OTP-19763, OTP-19764, OTP-19766, OTP-19775,
OTP-19778, OTP-19779, OTP-19783, OTP-19784,
OTP-19785, OTP-19786, OTP-19793, OTP-19800,
OTP-19801, OTP-19807, OTP-19809, OTP-19811,
OTP-19815, OTP-19822, OTP-19826, OTP-19834,
OTP-19838, OTP-19842, OTP-19853, OTP-19858,
OTP-19866, OTP-19874, OTP-19882, OTP-19887,
OTP-19898, OTP-19903, OTP-19906, OTP-19910,
OTP-19912, OTP-19917, OTP-19918, OTP-19919,
OTP-19921, OTP-19922, OTP-19925, OTP-19927,
OTP-19930, OTP-19932, OTP-19933, OTP-19934,
OTP-19935, OTP-19936, OTP-19938, OTP-19942,
OTP-19943, OTP-19949, OTP-19954, OTP-19956,
OTP-19960, OTP-19963, OTP-19964, OTP-19965,
OTP-19966, OTP-19968, OTP-19975, OTP-19982,
OTP-19991, OTP-19995, OTP-19996, OTP-19997,
OTP-20000, OTP-20001, OTP-20002, OTP-20003,
OTP-20004, OTP-20010, OTP-20015, OTP-20016,
OTP-20017, OTP-20019, OTP-20020, OTP-20023,
OTP-20025, OTP-20026, OTP-20028, OTP-20029,
OTP-20030, OTP-20031, OTP-20032, OTP-20034,
OTP-20035, OTP-20036
Seq num: GH-10071, GH-10125, GH-10151, GH-10260,
GH-10341, GH-10345, GH-10557, GH-10558,
GH-10559, GH-10560, GH-10561, GH-10609,
GH-10650, GH-10807, GH-8569, GH-8841,
GH-8993, GH-9822, OTP-16608, OTP-19827,
PR-10013, PR-10033, PR-10078, PR-10114,
PR-10115, PR-10126, PR-10134, PR-10144,
PR-10145, PR-10161, PR-10165, PR-10166,
PR-10168, PR-10187, PR-10189, PR-10193,
PR-10195, PR-10197, PR-10202, PR-10206,
PR-10207, PR-10209, PR-10213, PR-10218,
PR-10220, PR-10223, PR-10230, PR-10234,
PR-10253, PR-10269, PR-10276, PR-10277,
PR-10281, PR-10304, PR-10338, PR-10348,
PR-10372, PR-10382, PR-10387, PR-10417,
PR-10421, PR-10422, PR-10433, PR-10449,
PR-10453, PR-10510, PR-10511, PR-10514,
PR-10519, PR-10524, PR-10532, PR-10549,
PR-10554, PR-10556, PR-10564, PR-10566,
PR-10568, PR-10571, PR-10573, PR-10578,
PR-10579, PR-10580, PR-10585, PR-10592,
PR-10598, PR-10601, PR-10613, PR-10614,
PR-10615, PR-10617, PR-10626, PR-10642,
PR-10646, PR-10647, PR-10653, PR-10656,
PR-10674, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730,
PR-10735, PR-10739, PR-10753, PR-10754,
PR-10755, PR-10766, PR-10770, PR-10782,
PR-10783, PR-10805, PR-10814, PR-10817,
PR-10818, PR-10819, PR-10820, PR-10821,
PR-10824, PR-10830, PR-10836, PR-10838,
PR-7118, PR-7315, PR-9115, PR-9125, PR-9134,
PR-9153, PR-9209, PR-9223, PR-9315, PR-9374,
PR-9475, PR-9712, PR-9790, PR-9864, PR-9866,
PR-9894, PR-9899, PR-9934, PR-9940, PR-9984
System: OTP
Release: 29
Application: asn1-5.5, common_test-1.31, compiler-10.0,
crypto-5.9, debugger-6.1, dialyzer-6.0,
diameter-2.7, edoc-1.5, eldap-1.3,
erl_interface-5.7, erts-17.0, et-1.8,
eunit-2.11, ftp-1.3, inets-9.7,
jinterface-1.16, kernel-11.0, megaco-4.9,
mnesia-4.26, observer-2.19, odbc-2.17,
os_mon-2.12, parsetools-2.8, public_key-1.21,
reltool-1.1, runtime_tools-2.4, sasl-4.4,
snmp-5.20.2, ssh-5.6, ssl-11.5.4, stdlib-8.0,
syntax_tools-4.1, tftp-1.3, tools-4.2,
wx-2.6, xmerl-2.2
Predecessor: OTP
Check out the git tag OTP-29.0, and build a full OTP system including
documentation.
# HIGHLIGHTS
- The JIT now generates better code for matching or creating binaries with
multiple little-endian segments.
Own Id: OTP-19747
Application(s): erts
Related Id(s): PR-10126
- In the documentation for the `compile` module, a section has been added with
recommendations for implementors of languages running on the BEAM.
Documentation has also been added for the `to_abstr`, `to_exp`, and
`from_abstr` options.
The documentation for erlc now lists `.abstr` as one of the supported
options.
When compiling with the `to_abstr` option, the resulting `.abstr` file now
retains any `-doc` attributes present in the source code.
Own Id: OTP-19784
Application(s): compiler, erts
Related Id(s): PR-10230, PR-10234
- Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented.
A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based
records, except that is a true data type.
Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also
in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially
requiring updates to applications that use them.
Own Id: OTP-19785
Application(s): compiler, dialyzer, erts, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10617
- The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the
original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`.
This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`.
It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers,
and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false.
Example:
1> I = 42.
2> is_integer(I, 0, 100).
true
Own Id: OTP-19809
Application(s): compiler, dialyzer, erts
Related Id(s): PR-10276
- There are new functions for random permutation of a list: rand:shuffle/1 and
rand:shuffle_s/2. They are inspired by a suggestion and discussion on
ErlangForums.
Own Id: OTP-19826
Application(s): stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10281
- In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory
(`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first.
Own Id: OTP-19842
Application(s): erts, kernel
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- Function application is now left associative. That means one can now write:
f(X)(Y)
instead of:
(f(X))(Y)
Own Id: OTP-19866
Application(s): compiler
Related Id(s): PR-9223
- There will now be a warning when exporting variables out of a subexpression.
For example:
case file:open(File, AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}]) of
{ok,Fd} ->
{Fd,AllOpts}
end
To avoid the warning, this can be rewritten to:
AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}],
case file:open(File, AllOpts) of
{ok,Fd} ->
{Fd,AllOpts}
end
The warning can be suppressed by giving option `nowarn_export_var_subexpr` to
the compiler.
Own Id: OTP-19898
Application(s): compiler, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-9134
- By default, the compiler will now warn for uses of the `and` and `or`
operators.
This warning can be suppressed using the `nowarn_obsolete_bool_op` compiler
option.
Own Id: OTP-19918
Application(s): compiler
Related Id(s): PR-9115
- `graph` is a new module that is a functional equivalent of the `digraph` and
`digraph_utils` modules.
Own Id: OTP-19922
Application(s): stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10532
- Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would
compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
* exception error: bad filter 2614250
In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail
by default:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
* 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers
unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled.
With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a
strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'."
However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is
enabled when starting the runtime system:
$ erl -enable-feature compr_assign
. . .
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
[2614250]
Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used:
-module(example).
-feature(compr_assign, enable).
-export([cat/1]).
cat(Files) ->
[Char || F <- Files,
{ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F),
Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)].
Own Id: OTP-19927
Application(s): compiler, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-9153
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- There will now be a warning when using the `catch` operator, which has been
deprecated for a long time.
It is recommended to instead use `try`...`catch` but is also possible to
disable the warning by using the `nowarn_deprecated_catch` option.
Own Id: OTP-19938
Application(s): compiler, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10421
- Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented.
Example:
> [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)].
[1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5]
Own Id: OTP-19942
Application(s): compiler, debugger, stdlib, syntax_tools
Related Id(s): PR-9374
- There will now be a warning for matches that unify constructors, such as the
following:
m({a,B} = {Y,Z}) -> . . .
Such a match can be rewritten to:
m({a=Y,B=B}) -> . . .
The compiler option `nowarn_match_alias_pats` can be used to disable the
warning.
Own Id: OTP-19943
Application(s): compiler, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10433
- There is no longer a 32-bit Erlang/OTP build for Windows.
Own Id: OTP-19960
Application(s): otp
- The default key exchange algorithm is now mlkem768x25519-sha256, a hybrid
quantum-resistant algorithm combining ML-KEM-768 with X25519. This provides
protection against both classical and quantum computer attacks while
maintaining backward compatibility through automatic fallback to other
algorithms when peers don't support it.
Own Id: OTP-19965
Application(s): ssh
Related Id(s): PR-10656
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- The compiler now generates more efficient code for map comprehensions with
constant values that don't depend on the generator, such as the following:
#{K => 42} || K <- List}.
#{K => X || K <- List}.
#{K => {X, Y} || K <- List}.
Own Id: OTP-19968
Application(s): compiler
Related Id(s): PR-10646
- Added support for socket functions `recvmmsg()` and `sendmmsg()`.
Own Id: OTP-20015
Application(s): erts, kernel
Related Id(s): PR-10564
- `m:erl_tar` will use less memory when extracting large tar entries to disk.
Instead of reading each tar entry into memory, `erl_tar` will now stream
data in chunks of 64KB. The chunk size is settable using the new
`{chunks,ChunkSize}` option.
The new `{max_size,Size}` option will set a limit on the total size of
extracted data to protect against filling up the disk.
Checking of symlinks has been improved. Some symlinks that were safe (such as
`dir/link -> ../file`) used to be rejected.
Own Id: OTP-20023
Application(s): stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10814, PR-10818, PR-10821
- Added a new module called `io_ansi` that allows the user to emit Virtual
Terminal Sequences (aka ansi sequences) to the terminal in order to add
colors/styling to text, or create fully fledged terminal applications.
`io_ansi` uses the local terminfo database in order to be as cross-platform
compatibly as possible.
It also works across nodes so that if functions on a remote node calls
io_ansi:fwrite/1 it will use the destination terminals terminfo database to
determine which sequences to emit. In practice this means that you can call
things in a remote shell session that uses `io_ansi` and it will properly
detect that terminal sequences the target terminal can handle and will print
using them correctly.
Own Id: OTP-20028
Application(s): kernel, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-9940
- The `ignore_xref` attribute has been handled as a post-analysis filter by
build tools such as Rebar3. In this release, `xref` itself does the
filtering, ensuring that all tooling that calls `xref` for any purpose can
rely on these declarations to just work.
Own Id: OTP-20032
Application(s): tools
Related Id(s): PR-10592
- New in this release is `ct_doctest`, a module that allows the user to test
documentation examples in Erlang module docs and documentation files.
ct_doctest allows you to:
- Test code examples using shell syntax and their returns
- Test code examples that should fail
- Write example modules that are compiled and available in shell examples
- Plugin other documentation parsing engines so that examples in, for example,
`edoc`, `asciidoc`, and others can also be tested.
See the documentation for more details.
Own Id: OTP-20034
Application(s): common_test
Related Id(s): PR-10824, PR-9315
# POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITIES
- Fixed (`inet`) module selection when calling (`gen_tcp`) listen and connect
and (`gen_udp`) open. Depending on the order of the options, the module option
(`tcp_module` or `udp_module`) was sometimes ignored.
Own Id: OTP-19695
Application(s): kernel
Related Id(s): GH-9822, PR-10013
- `ssh:stop_deamon` now uses `supervisor:stop` for shutting down daemons. With
this change, the scenario when `ssh:stop_daemon` is called for a non-existing
process results in calling process exiting. Previously an error tuple was
returned (which was not documented).
Own Id: OTP-19801
Application(s): ssh
Related Id(s): PR-10253
- The `mnesia_registry` module has been removed.
Own Id: OTP-19807
Application(s): mnesia
Related Id(s): PR-7315
- In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory
(`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first.
Own Id: OTP-19842
Application(s): erts, kernel
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would
compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
* exception error: bad filter 2614250
In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail
by default:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
* 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers
unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled.
With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a
strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'."
However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is
enabled when starting the runtime system:
$ erl -enable-feature compr_assign
. . .
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
[2614250]
Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used:
-module(example).
-feature(compr_assign, enable).
-export([cat/1]).
cat(Files) ->
[Char || F <- Files,
{ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F),
Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)].
Own Id: OTP-19927
Application(s): compiler, stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-9153
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The default key exchange algorithm is now mlkem768x25519-sha256, a hybrid
quantum-resistant algorithm combining ML-KEM-768 with X25519. This provides
protection against both classical and quantum computer attacks while
maintaining backward compatibility through automatic fallback to other
algorithms when peers don't support it.
Own Id: OTP-19965
Application(s): ssh
Related Id(s): PR-10656
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Changed ets:update_counter/4 and ets:update_element/4 to _always_ reject
default tuples smaller than the `keypos` of the table. Such keyless tuples are
now rejected even if the key exists in the table and the default tuple would
not be used. This is a subtle semantic change but is a nicer behavior for
development and testing as it will detect faulty default tuple arguments
earlier.
Own Id: OTP-19975
Application(s): erts
Related Id(s): PR-10674
- Added explicit size validation guards for pre-authentication SSH messages to
improve defense-in-depth against DoS attacks. Messages now have per-field size
limits based on RFC specifications:
- Transport layer messages (DISCONNECT, IGNORE, DEBUG)
- Key exchange messages (DH, ECDH, DH-GEX)
- Service request messages (SERVICE_REQUEST, SERVICE_ACCEPT, EXT_INFO)
This change enhances the existing 256KB global packet size limit with granular
per-message validation. Compliant implementations are not affected.
Own Id: OTP-19995
Application(s): ssh
Related Id(s): PR-10739
- The `array` module have been extended with several new functions. The internal
representation have been changed to allow the new functionality and
optimizations. Arrays serialized with `term_to_binary/1` in previous releases
are not compatible.
Own Id: OTP-20004
Application(s): stdlib
Related Id(s): PR-10578
- The SFTP subsystem `root` option now properly rejects relative paths at daemon
startup. Previously, relative paths would cause unpredictable behavior as file
operations resolved relative to the Erlang VM's current working directory. The
option now requires an absolute path or empty string.
Own Id: OTP-20019
Application(s): ssh
Related Id(s): PR-10820
# OTP-29.0
## Improvements and New Features
- Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now
scanned for vulnerabilities.
Own Id: OTP-19652
Related Id(s): PR-9790
- Automated vendor vulnerability handling has been added.
1. Verifies that OTP reported Github Securities exists in the published
OpenVEX statements.
2. Open issues automatically in Erlang/OTP if vendor vulnerabilities are
detected.
Own Id: OTP-19763
Related Id(s): PR-10145, PR-10166, PR-10168, PR-10189, PR-10193,
PR-10195, PR-10197, PR-10202
- Added OpenVEX statement for PCRE2 under investigation.
Own Id: OTP-19764
Related Id(s): PR-10165
- Documentation about how to validate the SBOM using sigstore has been added.
Own Id: OTP-19766
Related Id(s): GH-10151, PR-10187
- The vendor vulnerability scanner was reporting scanning the `maint` branch
when it was doing the `master` branch. This issue only happened for pull
requests that modified vendor files. Scheduled vendor vulnerability scans were
correct.
The behavior has not been corrected and pull requests on `maint` and
`maint-`XX will work as expected, analyzing their vendor dependencies.
To create issues when vendor vulnerabilities are detected, use permissions
from the Erlang Vendor Scanner Bot.
Own Id: OTP-19775
Related Id(s): PR-10206, PR-10213, PR-10218, PR-10220, PR-10223
- Create OpenVEX statement in Erlang/OTP to state that the wxWindows vendor
vulnerability CVE-2024-58249 does not affect OTP-28.
Own Id: OTP-19778
Related Id(s): PR-10209
- `.github/scripts/otp-compliance.es vex run` was ignoring certain OpenVEX
statements if the CVE name existed. That meant an OpenVEX statement could say
"under_investigation" and the CVE reported a vulnerability, and simply based
on the CVE Id, the script would ignore it as the CVE Id exists in OpenVEX.
The script has been updated to filter CVE results that already exist in
OpenVEX statements.
Own Id: OTP-19779
Related Id(s): PR-10209
- The old-style type tests in guards (`integer`, `atom` and so on) have been
scheduled for removal in Erlang/OTP 30. They have been deprecated for a long
time.
Own Id: OTP-19887
Related Id(s): PR-10417
- Update OpenVEX files with `not_affected` status for `CVE-2026-22184`
Own Id: OTP-19930
Related Id(s): GH-10558, GH-10559, GH-10560, GH-10561, PR-10566
- Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility.
Own Id: OTP-19933
Related Id(s): PR-10573
- Added `openssl` OpenVEX statements to clarify that none of them affect neither
`erts` nor `erl_interface`.
Own Id: OTP-19954
Related Id(s): GH-10609, PR-10613
- There is no longer a 32-bit Erlang/OTP build for Windows.
Own Id: OTP-19960
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Added OpenVEX statement to clarify that `wxWidgets` code in Erlang/OTP is not
vulnerable to `CVE-2024-58249`
This statement refers to the source code (`wxWidgets` bindings) that come in
Erlang/OTP. Any developer linking to the `wxWidgets` must still choose a
version that is not vulnerable.
Own Id: OTP-20000
Related Id(s): PR-10766
# asn1-5.5
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of asn1-5.5
>
> erts-14.0, kernel-9.0, stdlib-5.0
# common_test-1.31
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- Improved support for QuickCheck when writing property tests.
Own Id: OTP-20010
Related Id(s): PR-10783
## Improvements and New Features
- Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now
scanned for vulnerabilities.
Own Id: OTP-19652
Related Id(s): PR-9790
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- `'EXIT'` messages are now formatted in the same way as `badmatch` errors.
Own Id: OTP-19910
Related Id(s): PR-10277
- Error notifications now contain the name of the source file in which the error
occurred.
Own Id: OTP-19925
Related Id(s): GH-10260, PR-10269
- New in this release is `ct_doctest`, a module that allows the user to test
documentation examples in Erlang module docs and documentation files.
ct_doctest allows you to:
- Test code examples using shell syntax and their returns
- Test code examples that should fail
- Write example modules that are compiled and available in shell examples
- Plugin other documentation parsing engines so that examples in, for example,
`edoc`, `asciidoc`, and others can also be tested.
See the documentation for more details.
Own Id: OTP-20034
Related Id(s): PR-10824, PR-9315
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
> #### Full runtime dependencies of common_test-1.31
>
> compiler-10.0, crypto-4.5, debugger-4.1, erts-7.0, ftp-1.0, inets-6.0,
> kernel-11.0, observer-2.1, runtime_tools-1.8.16, sasl-2.5, snmp-5.1.2,
> ssh-4.0, stdlib-8.0, syntax_tools-1.7, tools-3.2, xmerl-1.3.8
# compiler-10.0
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- For a function such as the following:
bar(S0) ->
S1 = setelement(8, S0, a),
S2 = setelement(7, S1, b),
setelement(5, S2, c).
the compiler would keep all of the calls to `setelement/3` and emit extra
unnecessary `set_tuple_element` instructions.
This has been corrected so that the compiler will never emit code that uses
the `set_tuple_element` instruction. In a future release, support for the
`set_tuple_element` will be removed from the runtime system.
Own Id: OTP-19751
Related Id(s): GH-10125, PR-10144
- beam_lib:strip/1 will now retain the Beam debug information chunk produced
by the `beam_debug_info` option. The chunk will also be retained when combing
the `beam_debug_info` option with the undocumented `slim` option.
The runtime system will no longer crash when attempting to load modules that
have been compiled with `beam_debug_info` but lack the actual Beam debug info
chunk.
Own Id: OTP-19991
Related Id(s): GH-10557, PR-10735
## Improvements and New Features
- In comprehensions, a generator that builds a list with a single element will
now be optimized to avoid building and matching the list. Example:
[H || E <- List, H <- [erlang:phash2(E)], H rem 10 =:= 0]
Own Id: OTP-19672
Related Id(s): PR-9934
- In the documentation for the `compile` module, a section has been added with
recommendations for implementors of languages running on the BEAM.
Documentation has also been added for the `to_abstr`, `to_exp`, and
`from_abstr` options.
The documentation for erlc now lists `.abstr` as one of the supported
options.
When compiling with the `to_abstr` option, the resulting `.abstr` file now
retains any `-doc` attributes present in the source code.
Own Id: OTP-19784
Related Id(s): PR-10230, PR-10234
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented.
A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based
records, except that is a true data type.
Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also
in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially
requiring updates to applications that use them.
Own Id: OTP-19785
Related Id(s): PR-10617
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the
original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`.
This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`.
It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers,
and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false.
Example:
1> I = 42.
2> is_integer(I, 0, 100).
true
Own Id: OTP-19809
Related Id(s): PR-10276
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Function application is now left associative. That means one can now write:
f(X)(Y)
instead of:
(f(X))(Y)
Own Id: OTP-19866
Related Id(s): PR-9223
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- There will now be a warning when exporting variables out of a subexpression.
For example:
case file:open(File, AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}]) of
{ok,Fd} ->
{Fd,AllOpts}
end
To avoid the warning, this can be rewritten to:
AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}],
case file:open(File, AllOpts) of
{ok,Fd} ->
{Fd,AllOpts}
end
The warning can be suppressed by giving option `nowarn_export_var_subexpr` to
the compiler.
Own Id: OTP-19898
Related Id(s): PR-9134
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- By default, the compiler will now warn for uses of the `and` and `or`
operators.
This warning can be suppressed using the `nowarn_obsolete_bool_op` compiler
option.
Own Id: OTP-19918
Related Id(s): PR-9115
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would
compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
* exception error: bad filter 2614250
In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail
by default:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
* 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers
unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled.
With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a
strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'."
However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is
enabled when starting the runtime system:
$ erl -enable-feature compr_assign
. . .
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
[2614250]
Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used:
-module(example).
-feature(compr_assign, enable).
-export([cat/1]).
cat(Files) ->
[Char || F <- Files,
{ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F),
Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)].
Own Id: OTP-19927
Related Id(s): PR-9153
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- There will now be a warning when using the `catch` operator, which has been
deprecated for a long time.
It is recommended to instead use `try`...`catch` but is also possible to
disable the warning by using the `nowarn_deprecated_catch` option.
Own Id: OTP-19938
Related Id(s): PR-10421
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented.
Example:
> [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)].
[1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5]
Own Id: OTP-19942
Related Id(s): PR-9374
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- There will now be a warning for matches that unify constructors, such as the
following:
m({a,B} = {Y,Z}) -> . . .
Such a match can be rewritten to:
m({a=Y,B=B}) -> . . .
The compiler option `nowarn_match_alias_pats` can be used to disable the
warning.
Own Id: OTP-19943
Related Id(s): PR-10433
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The compiler now generates more efficient code for map comprehensions with
constant values that don't depend on the generator, such as the following:
#{K => 42} || K <- List}.
#{K => X || K <- List}.
#{K => {X, Y} || K <- List}.
Own Id: OTP-19968
Related Id(s): PR-10646
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Compilation times of modules with a huge number of calls to `element/2` has
been improved.
Own Id: OTP-20020
Related Id(s): GH-10807, PR-10819
> #### Full runtime dependencies of compiler-10.0
>
> crypto-5.1, erts-13.0, kernel-8.4, stdlib-8.0
# crypto-5.9
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- Fix crypto:hash_equals/2 and FIPS when crypto is statically linked to the
beam (with `--enable-static-nifs` and `--disable-dynamic-ssl-lib`).
Own Id: OTP-20025
Related Id(s): PR-10817
## Improvements and New Features
- The rand:bytes/1 and rand:bytes_s/2 functions have been optimized by
implementing a new internal callback function that crypto:rand_seed_alg/1
and crypto:alg_seed_alg_s/1 have been updated to use.
A new algorithm `crypto_prng1`, which also takes advantage of this new
internal callback, has been added to crypto:rand_seed_alg/2 and
crypto:rand_seed_alg_s/2. It is much faster then the existing `crypto_aes`,
in particular for generating bytes.
Own Id: OTP-19882
Related Id(s): PR-10453, OTP-19827
- Application `crypto` is auto loaded by `crypto:on_load` in interactive mode.
This will ensure that the correct value of configuration parameter `fips_mode`
is used to initialize OpenSSL if module `crypto` is called/loaded before the
application `crypto` has been loaded. In embedded mode, module `crypto` will
fail to load if the application has not been loaded.
Own Id: OTP-20035
Related Id(s): PR-10830
- Untested OpenSSL engine support removed on Windows.
Own Id: OTP-20036
Related Id(s): PR-10836
> #### Full runtime dependencies of crypto-5.9
>
> erts-9.0, kernel-6.0, stdlib-3.9
# debugger-6.1
## Improvements and New Features
- Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM
files created before OTP 13B.
Own Id: OTP-19906
Related Id(s): PR-10519
- Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented.
Example:
> [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)].
[1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5]
Own Id: OTP-19942
Related Id(s): PR-9374
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
> #### Full runtime dependencies of debugger-6.1
>
> compiler-8.0, erts-15.0, kernel-10.0, stdlib-7.0, wx-2.0
# dialyzer-6.0
## Improvements and New Features
- Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented.
A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based
records, except that is a true data type.
Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also
in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially
requiring updates to applications that use them.
Own Id: OTP-19785
Related Id(s): PR-10617
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the
original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`.
This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`.
It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers,
and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false.
Example:
1> I = 42.
2> is_integer(I, 0, 100).
true
Own Id: OTP-19809
Related Id(s): PR-10276
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
> #### Full runtime dependencies of dialyzer-6.0
>
> compiler-10.0, erts-12.0, kernel-8.0, stdlib-5.0, syntax_tools-2.0
# diameter-2.7
## Improvements and New Features
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of diameter-2.7
>
> erts-10.0, kernel-3.2, ssl-9.0, stdlib-5.0
# edoc-1.5
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
- Changed behavior of EDoc so that when a module defines a private type and a
private function spec uses it, that type no longer gets included in the EDoc
chunk.
Own Id: OTP-20030
Related Id(s): PR-10770
> #### Full runtime dependencies of edoc-1.5
>
> erts-11.0, inets-5.10, kernel-7.0, stdlib-4.0, syntax_tools-2.0, xmerl-1.3.7
# eldap-1.3
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of eldap-1.3
>
> asn1-3.0, erts-6.0, kernel-3.0, ssl-5.3.4, stdlib-3.4
# erl_interface-5.7
## Improvements and New Features
- Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now
scanned for vulnerabilities.
Own Id: OTP-19652
Related Id(s): PR-9790
- Improved name consistency of EPMD protocol messages in documentation and code.
Renamed `PORT_PLEASE2_REQ` to `PORT2_REQ` and added prefix `EPMD_`.
Own Id: OTP-19734
Related Id(s): GH-10071, PR-10078
## Known Bugs and Problems
- The `ei` API for decoding/encoding terms is not fully 64-bit compatible since
terms that have a representation on the external term format larger than 2 GB
cannot be handled.
Own Id: OTP-16607
Related Id(s): OTP-16608
# erts-17.0
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- For a function such as the following:
bar(S0) ->
S1 = setelement(8, S0, a),
S2 = setelement(7, S1, b),
setelement(5, S2, c).
the compiler would keep all of the calls to `setelement/3` and emit extra
unnecessary `set_tuple_element` instructions.
This has been corrected so that the compiler will never emit code that uses
the `set_tuple_element` instruction. In a future release, support for the
`set_tuple_element` will be removed from the runtime system.
Own Id: OTP-19751
Related Id(s): GH-10125, PR-10144
- Improved the handling of the logging directory for the start script on
Unix-like systems, so that it no longer crashes when `$ROOTDIR/log` is not
writable.
Own Id: OTP-19874
Related Id(s): GH-10341, PR-10348
- The `-nocookie` option for `erl` is now documented.
Own Id: OTP-19935
Related Id(s): PR-10549
- beam_lib:strip/1 will now retain the Beam debug information chunk produced
by the `beam_debug_info` option. The chunk will also be retained when combing
the `beam_debug_info` option with the undocumented `slim` option.
The runtime system will no longer crash when attempting to load modules that
have been compiled with `beam_debug_info` but lack the actual Beam debug info
chunk.
Own Id: OTP-19991
Related Id(s): GH-10557, PR-10735
- Fix potential symbol clashing on MacOS by passing `RTLD_LOCAL` to `dlopen`.
This will make symbols to not be resolvable between subsequently loaded
NIF/drivers, which is the default behavior on Linux and BSD.
Own Id: OTP-20026
Related Id(s): PR-10805
## Improvements and New Features
- The exported name space of the `beam` executable has been cleaned to only
expose symbols of documented interfaces like NIF and driver APIs. This will
avoid accidental name clashes with, for example, our statically linked
variants of PCRE2 and ZSTD. NIFs and drivers that abuse undocumented internal
interfaces will fail to load due to this change.
Own Id: OTP-19643
Related Id(s): PR-9864
- Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now
scanned for vulnerabilities.
Own Id: OTP-19652
Related Id(s): PR-9790
- Improved name consistency of EPMD protocol messages in documentation and code.
Renamed `PORT_PLEASE2_REQ` to `PORT2_REQ` and added prefix `EPMD_`.
Own Id: OTP-19734
Related Id(s): GH-10071, PR-10078
- The JIT now generates better code for matching or creating binaries with
multiple little-endian segments.
Own Id: OTP-19747
Related Id(s): PR-10126
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- In the documentation for the `compile` module, a section has been added with
recommendations for implementors of languages running on the BEAM.
Documentation has also been added for the `to_abstr`, `to_exp`, and
`from_abstr` options.
The documentation for erlc now lists `.abstr` as one of the supported
options.
When compiling with the `to_abstr` option, the resulting `.abstr` file now
retains any `-doc` attributes present in the source code.
Own Id: OTP-19784
Related Id(s): PR-10230, PR-10234
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented.
A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based
records, except that is a true data type.
Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also
in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially
requiring updates to applications that use them.
Own Id: OTP-19785
Related Id(s): PR-10617
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Task stealing between schedulers has been further optimized.
Own Id: OTP-19793
Related Id(s): PR-9984
- The guard BIF `is_integer/3` has been added. It follows the design of the
original EEP-16, only changing the name from `is_between` to `is_integer`.
This BIF takes in 3 parameters, `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound`.
It returns `true` if `Term`, `LowerBound`, and `UpperBound` are all integers,
and `LowerBound =< Term =< UpperBound`; otherwise, it returns false.
Example:
1> I = 42.
2> is_integer(I, 0, 100).
true
Own Id: OTP-19809
Related Id(s): PR-10276
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Calls to `trace:info(_, {M,F,A}, Item)`, with `Item` as `call_time`,
`call_memory`, or `all`, will no longer block all scheduler threads from
running.
Own Id: OTP-19811
Related Id(s): PR-10207
- Full support for SCTP in socket. Not (yet) supported for FreeBSD.
Own Id: OTP-19834
- In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory
(`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first.
Own Id: OTP-19842
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM
files created before OTP 13B.
Own Id: OTP-19906
Related Id(s): PR-10519
- Optimized ETS named table lookup scalability by replacing read locks with
lockless atomic operations.
Own Id: OTP-19919
Related Id(s): PR-7118
- Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility.
Own Id: OTP-19933
Related Id(s): PR-10573
- Added zstd:flush/2 for flushing compressed data without closing the
compression context.
Own Id: OTP-19936
Related Id(s): GH-10345, PR-10511
- While the iteration order for maps is undefined, it is now guaranteed that all
ways of iterating over maps provides the elements in the same order. That is,
all of the following ways of iterating will produce the elements in the same
order:
- maps:keys/1
- maps:values/1
- maps:to_list/1
- `maps:to_list(maps:iterator(M))`
- Map comprehension: `{K,V} || K := V <- M`
Own Id: OTP-19963
Related Id(s): PR-10626
- Improved the performance of code loading.
Own Id: OTP-19966
Related Id(s): PR-10615
- Changed ets:update_counter/4 and ets:update_element/4 to _always_ reject
default tuples smaller than the `keypos` of the table. Such keyless tuples are
now rejected even if the key exists in the table and the default tuple would
not be used. This is a subtle semantic change but is a nicer behavior for
development and testing as it will detect faulty default tuple arguments
earlier.
Own Id: OTP-19975
Related Id(s): PR-10674
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- Improved compatibility with systems that lack certain shell utilities.
Own Id: OTP-20002
Related Id(s): PR-10647
- It was previously not possible to check on the socket nif load result. A
successful load was self evident, but a failure was only visible from the fact
that most socket functions failed with 'notsup'. This has now been improved
such that the (socket nif) load result is visible in the info map (from
socket:info/0).
Own Id: OTP-20003
- Added support for socket functions `recvmmsg()` and `sendmmsg()`.
Own Id: OTP-20015
Related Id(s): PR-10564
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- There is a new NIF function `enif_term_size()`.
Own Id: OTP-20016
Related Id(s): PR-10782
- Call trace match specs can use `Arg1, Arg2 | '_'` syntax to match functions
with at least N number of arguments.
Own Id: OTP-20017
Related Id(s): PR-10754
> #### Full runtime dependencies of erts-17.0
>
> kernel-9.0, sasl-3.3, stdlib-4.1
# et-1.8
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of et-1.8
>
> erts-9.0, kernel-5.3, runtime_tools-1.10, stdlib-3.4, wx-1.2
# eunit-2.11
## Improvements and New Features
- Added `randomDelay` macro.
Own Id: OTP-19997
Related Id(s): PR-10614
> #### Full runtime dependencies of eunit-2.11
>
> erts-9.0, kernel-11.0, stdlib-6.0
# ftp-1.3
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of ftp-1.3
>
> erts-7.0, kernel-6.0, runtime_tools-1.15.1, ssl-10.2, stdlib-3.5
# inets-9.7
## Improvements and New Features
- A new option max_connections_open has been added to the httpc HTTP client
profile configuration. It limits the maximum number of concurrent HTTP handler
processes that can be open simultaneously. When the limit is reached, new
requests are queued internally and started automatically as existing handlers
complete. This prevents bandwidth exhaustion in high-load scenarios where too
many parallel connections cause remote servers to close sockets before
transfers finish (the socket_closed_remotely error). The option can be set via
`httpc:set_options({max_connections_open, 10}, Profile).` The default value
is infinity (unlimited), preserving backward compatibility. The value must be
a positive integer or infinity, and must be greater than or equal to
max_sessions.
Own Id: OTP-19587
Related Id(s): GH-8841, PR-9712
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of inets-9.7
>
> erts-14.0, kernel-9.0, mnesia-4.12, public_key-1.13, runtime_tools-1.8.14,
> ssl-9.0, stdlib-5.0, stdlib-6.0
# jinterface-1.16
## Improvements and New Features
- The `jinterface` build now honors `SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH` for deterministic build
of `OtpErlang.jar`.
Own Id: OTP-19956
Related Id(s): PR-10556
# kernel-11.0
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- Fixed (`inet`) module selection when calling (`gen_tcp`) listen and connect
and (`gen_udp`) open. Depending on the order of the options, the module option
(`tcp_module` or `udp_module`) was sometimes ignored.
Own Id: OTP-19695
Related Id(s): GH-9822, PR-10013
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- The TCP/UDP compatibility layer has been fixed so that `inet_backend = socket`
now supports socket options `reuseport` and `reuseport_lb` for `gen_tcp` and
`gen_udp`.
Own Id: OTP-19917
Related Id(s): PR-10514
## Improvements and New Features
- Added an option to set the `erl_boot_server` listen port.
Own Id: OTP-19708
Related Id(s): PR-9894
- The memory footprint of some supervisors has been reduced by purging obsoleted
data when the supervisor is transitioning to and from hibernation.
Own Id: OTP-19713
Related Id(s): PR-9866
- Improved name consistency of EPMD protocol messages in documentation and code.
Renamed `PORT_PLEASE2_REQ` to `PORT2_REQ` and added prefix `EPMD_`.
Own Id: OTP-19734
Related Id(s): GH-10071, PR-10078
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- Refactored a `kernel_load_completed` clause for conciseness.
Own Id: OTP-19786
Related Id(s): PR-10134
- Full support for SCTP in socket. Not (yet) supported for FreeBSD.
Own Id: OTP-19834
- In the default code path for the Erlang system, the current working directory
(`.`) is now in the last position instead of the first.
Own Id: OTP-19842
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- It was previously not possible to check on the socket nif load result. A
successful load was self evident, but a failure was only visible from the fact
that most socket functions failed with 'notsup'. This has now been improved
such that the (socket nif) load result is visible in the info map (from
socket:info/0).
Own Id: OTP-20003
- Added support for socket functions `recvmmsg()` and `sendmmsg()`.
Own Id: OTP-20015
Related Id(s): PR-10564
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Added a new module called `io_ansi` that allows the user to emit Virtual
Terminal Sequences (aka ansi sequences) to the terminal in order to add
colors/styling to text, or create fully fledged terminal applications.
`io_ansi` uses the local terminfo database in order to be as cross-platform
compatibly as possible.
It also works across nodes so that if functions on a remote node calls
io_ansi:fwrite/1 it will use the destination terminals terminfo database to
determine which sequences to emit. In practice this means that you can call
things in a remote shell session that uses `io_ansi` and it will properly
detect that terminal sequences the target terminal can handle and will print
using them correctly.
Own Id: OTP-20028
Related Id(s): PR-9940
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Polished the documentation groups, essentially removed groups that did nothing
but obscure the documentation.
Own Id: OTP-20029
Related Id(s): PR-10755
> #### Full runtime dependencies of kernel-11.0
>
> crypto-5.0, erts-17.0, sasl-3.0, stdlib-8.0
# megaco-4.9
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of megaco-4.9
>
> asn1-3.0, debugger-4.0, erts-12.0, et-1.5, kernel-8.0, runtime_tools-1.8.14,
> stdlib-2.5
# mnesia-4.26
## Improvements and New Features
- `mnesia` now has new functions `select_reverse/1-6` supporting iteration over
tables in reverse order.
Own Id: OTP-19611
Related Id(s): GH-8993, PR-9475
- The `mnesia_registry` module has been removed.
Own Id: OTP-19807
Related Id(s): PR-7315
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
> #### Full runtime dependencies of mnesia-4.26
>
> erts-9.0, kernel-5.3, stdlib-5.0
# observer-2.19
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of observer-2.19
>
> erts-15.0, et-1.5, kernel-10.0, runtime_tools-2.1, stdlib-5.0, wx-2.3
# odbc-2.17
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of odbc-2.17
>
> erts-6.0, kernel-3.0, stdlib-2.0
# os_mon-2.12
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of os_mon-2.12
>
> erts-14.0, kernel-9.0, sasl-4.2.1, stdlib-5.0
# parsetools-2.8
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of parsetools-2.8
>
> erts-6.0, kernel-3.0, stdlib-3.4
# public_key-1.21
## Improvements and New Features
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- Added an option for relaxed encoding of certificates, to allow some values to
be empty. This may be used by other applications for interoperability reasons.
This option is not used by the `ssl` application.
Own Id: OTP-19822
Related Id(s): PR-10033
> #### Full runtime dependencies of public_key-1.21
>
> asn1-5.0, crypto-5.8, erts-13.0, kernel-8.0, stdlib-4.0
# reltool-1.1
## Improvements and New Features
- Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility.
Own Id: OTP-19933
Related Id(s): PR-10573
> #### Full runtime dependencies of reltool-1.1
>
> erts-15.0, kernel-9.0, sasl-4.2.1, stdlib-5.0, tools-2.6.14, wx-2.3
# runtime_tools-2.4
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of runtime_tools-2.4
>
> erts-16.0, kernel-10.0, mnesia-4.12, stdlib-6.0
# sasl-4.4
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- UNC paths are now handled on Windows.
Own Id: OTP-19949
Related Id(s): PR-10601
## Improvements and New Features
- Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility.
Own Id: OTP-19933
Related Id(s): PR-10573
> #### Full runtime dependencies of sasl-4.4
>
> erts-15.0, kernel-6.0, stdlib-4.0, tools-2.6.14
# snmp-5.20.2
## Improvements and New Features
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
> #### Full runtime dependencies of snmp-5.20.2
>
> asn1-5.4, crypto-4.6, erts-12.0, kernel-8.0, mnesia-4.12,
> runtime_tools-1.8.14, stdlib-5.0
# ssh-5.6
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- Password-based authentication updated to follow current security best
practices. Key-based authentication remains recommended for production
systems.
Own Id: OTP-19982
Related Id(s): PR-10571
- Added explicit size validation guards for pre-authentication SSH messages to
improve defense-in-depth against DoS attacks. Messages now have per-field size
limits based on RFC specifications:
- Transport layer messages (DISCONNECT, IGNORE, DEBUG)
- Key exchange messages (DH, ECDH, DH-GEX)
- Service request messages (SERVICE_REQUEST, SERVICE_ACCEPT, EXT_INFO)
This change enhances the existing 256KB global packet size limit with granular
per-message validation. Compliant implementations are not affected.
Own Id: OTP-19995
Related Id(s): PR-10739
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- The SFTP subsystem `root` option now properly rejects relative paths at daemon
startup. Previously, relative paths would cause unpredictable behavior as file
operations resolved relative to the Erlang VM's current working directory. The
option now requires an absolute path or empty string.
Own Id: OTP-20019
Related Id(s): PR-10820
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
## Improvements and New Features
- Using KEX strict extension names as specified in
draft-ietf-sshm-strict-kex-00. Pre standard names are still supported.
Own Id: OTP-19709
Related Id(s): PR-10115
- Added an 'alive' option to detect and terminate dead SSH connections.
Functionally equivalent to OpenSSH's ClientAlive*/ServerAlive* settings.
Own Id: OTP-19750
Related Id(s): PR-10372, PR-9125
- `ssh:stop_deamon` now uses `supervisor:stop` for shutting down daemons. With
this change, the scenario when `ssh:stop_daemon` is called for a non-existing
process results in calling process exiting. Previously an error tuple was
returned (which was not documented).
Own Id: OTP-19801
Related Id(s): PR-10253
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- The default key exchange algorithm is now mlkem768x25519-sha256, a hybrid
quantum-resistant algorithm combining ML-KEM-768 with X25519. This provides
protection against both classical and quantum computer attacks while
maintaining backward compatibility through automatic fallback to other
algorithms when peers don't support it.
Own Id: OTP-19965
Related Id(s): PR-10656
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- Added SFTP resource limits section to hardening guide covering max_handles,
max_path, and max_files with deployment recommendations.
Own Id: OTP-20031
Related Id(s): PR-10838
> #### Full runtime dependencies of ssh-5.6
>
> crypto-5.7, erts-14.0, kernel-10.3, public_key-1.6.1, runtime_tools-1.15.1,
> stdlib-8.0
# ssl-11.5.4
## Improvements and New Features
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
> #### Full runtime dependencies of ssl-11.5.4
>
> crypto-5.8, erts-16.0, inets-5.10.7, kernel-10.3, public_key-1.18.3,
> runtime_tools-1.15.1, stdlib-7.0
# stdlib-8.0
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- Fixed an issue in digraph_utils:roots/1 where roots could be missed in some
cases.
Own Id: OTP-19932
Related Id(s): PR-10510
- beam_lib:strip/1 will now retain the Beam debug information chunk produced
by the `beam_debug_info` option. The chunk will also be retained when combing
the `beam_debug_info` option with the undocumented `slim` option.
The runtime system will no longer crash when attempting to load modules that
have been compiled with `beam_debug_info` but lack the actual Beam debug info
chunk.
Own Id: OTP-19991
Related Id(s): GH-10557, PR-10735
- Fixed a crash when zstd:compress/2 was asked to compress empty data.
Own Id: OTP-20001
Related Id(s): GH-10650, PR-10653
## Improvements and New Features
- Error return values from functions in `zip` now also specify which file in
the archive the error belongs to.
Own Id: OTP-19663
Related Id(s): PR-9899
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- The undocumented and unsupported function lists:zf/2 is now deprecated.
Own Id: OTP-19783
Related Id(s): PR-10161
- Native records as described in EEP-79 has been implemented.
A native record is a data structure similar to the traditional tuple-based
records, except that is a true data type.
Native records are considered experimental in Erlang/OTP 29 and possibly also
in Erlang/OTP 30, meaning that their behavior may change, potentially
requiring updates to applications that use them.
Own Id: OTP-19785
Related Id(s): PR-10617
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The new `supervior:stop/1,2` functions can be used to manage the dynamic parts
of a supervisor tree in an application from outside the tree but in the same
application.
Own Id: OTP-19800
Related Id(s): PR-9209
- Added a new constructor array:from/2.
Own Id: OTP-19815
Related Id(s): PR-10304
- There are new functions for random permutation of a list: rand:shuffle/1 and
rand:shuffle_s/2. They are inspired by a suggestion and discussion on
ErlangForums.
Own Id: OTP-19826
Related Id(s): PR-10281
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The undocumented functions erl_eval:extended_parse_exprs/1 and
erl_eval:extended_parse_term/1 will now be faster when called with a long
list of tokens. (These functions are used by `qlc` and the shell.)
Own Id: OTP-19838
Related Id(s): PR-10338
- The `unicode` module now supports the Unicode 17 standard.
Own Id: OTP-19853
Related Id(s): PR-10382
- Added functions to `unicode` for recognizing whitespace and identifier.
Own Id: OTP-19858
Related Id(s): PR-10387
- The rand:bytes/1 and rand:bytes_s/2 functions have been optimized by
implementing a new internal callback function that crypto:rand_seed_alg/1
and crypto:alg_seed_alg_s/1 have been updated to use.
A new algorithm `crypto_prng1`, which also takes advantage of this new
internal callback, has been added to crypto:rand_seed_alg/2 and
crypto:rand_seed_alg_s/2. It is much faster then the existing `crypto_aes`,
in particular for generating bytes.
Own Id: OTP-19882
Related Id(s): PR-10453, OTP-19827
- There will now be a warning when exporting variables out of a subexpression.
For example:
case file:open(File, AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}]) of
{ok,Fd} ->
{Fd,AllOpts}
end
To avoid the warning, this can be rewritten to:
AllOpts = [write,{encoding,utf8}],
case file:open(File, AllOpts) of
{ok,Fd} ->
{Fd,AllOpts}
end
The warning can be suppressed by giving option `nowarn_export_var_subexpr` to
the compiler.
Own Id: OTP-19898
Related Id(s): PR-9134
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- There are new functions in the shell for returning process information.
The `pi/1` function is shortcut for erlang:process_info/1. The `pi/3`
function takes the three numbers from a pid, constructs a pid, and calls
`process_info/1`.
Examples:
1> pi(<0.90.0>).
[{current_function,{c,pinfo,1}},
{initial_call,{erlang,apply,2}},
{status,running},
...
2> pi(0, 90, 0).
[{current_function,{c,pinfo,1}},
{initial_call,{erlang,apply,2}},
{status,running},
...
Own Id: OTP-19903
Related Id(s): PR-10422
- Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM
files created before OTP 13B.
Own Id: OTP-19906
Related Id(s): PR-10519
- The `calendar` module has been updated to use the much faster than before
Neri-Schneider algorithm for Gregorian calendar calculations, and been
extended to handle negative years.
Own Id: OTP-19912
Related Id(s): PR-10449
- `graph` is a new module that is a functional equivalent of the `digraph` and
`digraph_utils` modules.
Own Id: OTP-19922
Related Id(s): PR-10532
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Before Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind variables in a comprehension would
compile successfully but fail at runtime. Example:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
* exception error: bad filter 2614250
In Erlang/OTP 29, attempting to bind a variable in a comprehension will fail
by default:
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
* 5:14: matches using '=' are not allowed in comprehension qualifiers
unless the experimental 'compr_assign' language feature is enabled.
With 'compr_assign' enabled, a match 'P = E' will behave as a
strict generator 'P <-:- [E]'."
However, this example will work as expected if the `compr_assign` feature is
enabled when starting the runtime system:
$ erl -enable-feature compr_assign
. . .
1> fh(List) -> [H || E <- List, H = erlang:phash2(E), H rem 10 =:= 0].
ok
2> fh(lists:seq(1, 10)).
[2614250]
Here is another example how `compr_assign` can be used:
-module(example).
-feature(compr_assign, enable).
-export([cat/1]).
cat(Files) ->
[Char || F <- Files,
{ok, Bin} = file:read_file(F),
Char <- unicode:characters_to_list(Bin)].
Own Id: OTP-19927
Related Id(s): PR-9153
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- Removed the undocumented `dyn_erl` utility.
Own Id: OTP-19933
Related Id(s): PR-10573
- The functions erl_tar:add/3 and erl_tar:add/4 now accepts the
`{mode,Mode}` option for setting the permission of the file.
Own Id: OTP-19934
Related Id(s): PR-10524
- Added zstd:flush/2 for flushing compressed data without closing the
compression context.
Own Id: OTP-19936
Related Id(s): GH-10345, PR-10511
- There will now be a warning when using the `catch` operator, which has been
deprecated for a long time.
It is recommended to instead use `try`...`catch` but is also possible to
disable the warning by using the `nowarn_deprecated_catch` option.
Own Id: OTP-19938
Related Id(s): PR-10421
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented.
Example:
> [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)].
[1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5]
Own Id: OTP-19942
Related Id(s): PR-9374
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- There will now be a warning for matches that unify constructors, such as the
following:
m({a,B} = {Y,Z}) -> . . .
Such a match can be rewritten to:
m({a=Y,B=B}) -> . . .
The compiler option `nowarn_match_alias_pats` can be used to disable the
warning.
Own Id: OTP-19943
Related Id(s): PR-10433
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- The `array` module have been extended with several new functions. The internal
representation have been changed to allow the new functionality and
optimizations. Arrays serialized with `term_to_binary/1` in previous releases
are not compatible.
Own Id: OTP-20004
Related Id(s): PR-10578
*** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
- `m:erl_tar` will use less memory when extracting large tar entries to disk.
Instead of reading each tar entry into memory, `erl_tar` will now stream
data in chunks of 64KB. The chunk size is settable using the new
`{chunks,ChunkSize}` option.
The new `{max_size,Size}` option will set a limit on the total size of
extracted data to protect against filling up the disk.
Checking of symlinks has been improved. Some symlinks that were safe (such as
`dir/link -> ../file`) used to be rejected.
Own Id: OTP-20023
Related Id(s): PR-10814, PR-10818, PR-10821
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Added a new module called `io_ansi` that allows the user to emit Virtual
Terminal Sequences (aka ansi sequences) to the terminal in order to add
colors/styling to text, or create fully fledged terminal applications.
`io_ansi` uses the local terminfo database in order to be as cross-platform
compatibly as possible.
It also works across nodes so that if functions on a remote node calls
io_ansi:fwrite/1 it will use the destination terminals terminfo database to
determine which sequences to emit. In practice this means that you can call
things in a remote shell session that uses `io_ansi` and it will properly
detect that terminal sequences the target terminal can handle and will print
using them correctly.
Own Id: OTP-20028
Related Id(s): PR-9940
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
- Polished the documentation groups, essentially removed groups that did nothing
but obscure the documentation.
Own Id: OTP-20029
Related Id(s): PR-10755
> #### Full runtime dependencies of stdlib-8.0
>
> compiler-5.0, crypto-4.5, erts-16.0.3, kernel-11.0, sasl-3.0,
> syntax_tools-3.2.1
# syntax_tools-4.1
## Improvements and New Features
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- Multi-valued comprehensions according to EEP 78 has been implemented.
Example:
> [I, -I || I <- lists:seq(1, 5)].
[1,-1,2,-2,3,-3,4,-4,5,-5]
Own Id: OTP-19942
Related Id(s): PR-9374
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
> #### Full runtime dependencies of syntax_tools-4.1
>
> compiler-9.0, erts-16.0, kernel-10.3, stdlib-8.0
# tftp-1.3
## Improvements and New Features
- The legacy `and` and `or` operators have been replaced with other language
constructs.
Own Id: OTP-19744
Related Id(s): PR-10114, PR-10554, PR-10568, PR-10579, PR-10580,
PR-10585, PR-10598, PR-10710, PR-10718, PR-10730
- All use of legacy `catch` in the TFTP application has been rewritten.
In the process, deep return using `exit/1` or `throw/1` from callbacks has
been changed to only work with `throw/1`, as customary. This was considered a
misfeature.
Explicit loading of callback module or logger module has been removed, since
that was against what one would expect for embedded mode.
Own Id: OTP-19996
Related Id(s): PR-10753
> #### Full runtime dependencies of tftp-1.3
>
> erts-6.0, kernel-6.0, stdlib-5.0
# tools-4.2
## Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
- Fixed "unbalanced parenthesis" issue when pressing TAB in emacs erlang shell.
Own Id: OTP-19921
Related Id(s): GH-8569, PR-10642
## Improvements and New Features
- Tools such as the debugger, `beam_lib`, and `xref` no longer support BEAM
files created before OTP 13B.
Own Id: OTP-19906
Related Id(s): PR-10519
- The `ignore_xref` attribute has been handled as a post-analysis filter by
build tools such as Rebar3. In this release, `xref` itself does the
filtering, ensuring that all tooling that calls `xref` for any purpose can
rely on these declarations to just work.
Own Id: OTP-20032
Related Id(s): PR-10592
*** HIGHLIGHT ***
> #### Full runtime dependencies of tools-4.2
>
> compiler-8.5, erts-15.0, erts-15.0, kernel-10.0, runtime_tools-2.1, stdlib-6.0
# wx-2.6
## Improvements and New Features
- Vendor dependencies and OpenVEX statements in the otp repository is now
scanned for vulnerabilities.
Own Id: OTP-19652
Related Id(s): PR-9790
- Documentation about how to validate the SBOM using sigstore has been added.
Own Id: OTP-19766
Related Id(s): GH-10151, PR-10187
> #### Full runtime dependencies of wx-2.6
>
> erts-12.0, kernel-8.0, stdlib-5.0
# xmerl-2.2
## Improvements and New Features
- Only minor internal changes.
Own Id: OTP-19964
> #### Full runtime dependencies of xmerl-2.2
>
> erts-6.0, kernel-8.4, stdlib-2.5
# Thanks to
Alexandre Rodrigues, Andreas Hasselberg, Bentheburrito, Bernhard M. Wiedemann,
Claes Nästén, Daniel Gorin, Daniel Kukula, dependabotbot, Eksperimental, Eric
Meadows-Jönsson, erlang-bot-appbot, felipe stival, Fernando Areias, Holger
Weiß, Ievgen Pyrogov, Ilya Averyanov, Ilya Klyuchnikov, Jan Uhlig, Jérôme de
Bretagne, João Henrique Ferreira de Freitas, Johannes Christ, Jonatan Männchen,
José Valim, krishnadas, Loïc Hoguin, loscher, Maria Scott, Marko Mindek, matt,
Mend Renovate, Michael Daniels, Michał Muskała, Nelson Vides, Nick Vatamaniuc,
Olexandr88, Paul Guyot, Paulo F. Oliveira, Paulo Tomé, Preet, Radek Szymczyszyn,
Richard Carlsson, Robert Ismo, Robin Morisset, Sam Weaver, Sébastien
Saint-Sevin, Sergey Fedorov, Simon Cornish, Stefan Grundmann, Takeru Ohta, Vadim
Yanitskiy, Vance Shipley, Wade Mealing, Wei Huang, yagogarea, Zabrane, наб
</div></pre>
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</div>
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</div>
</body>
</html>